luxury apartments for sale Val de Grace, France

Co-exclusivity. This superb apartment is located in the heart of the Ve, undoubtedly one of the most pleasant arrondissements in Paris, offering a highly sought-after living environment: historic, cultural, family-friendly and convivial. On the 3rd floor with elevator of a handsome freestone building nestled in the Place du Panthéon, it's close to the Luxembourg Gardens and the Sorbonne, and is part of the Henri IV school system. The apartment features spacious reception rooms with stunning views of the Panthéon and its parvis, four bedrooms, a separate kitchen and two bathrooms. High ceilings and abundant natural light enhance its Parisian charm. Close to the shops and restaurants of Estrapade, Place Monge market and the Mouffetard district.

Between the Censier Daubenton metro station and Les Gobelins, a stone's throw from Place Georges Moustaki, its cafes and the famous Rue Mouffetard, VANEAU Immobilier offers you a studio in excellent condition and quiet. Located on the 2nd floor by staircase of a building from the end of the 19th Century, this studio with an optimized surface area, consists of an entrance that serves: a living room divided between two real spaces, a fitted and fully equipped dining kitchen and a lounge area with window on the street; a shower room with toilet. A bed has been set up on the mezzanine above the kitchen. DPE: D - ALUR Law: Number of lots in the condominium: 39. Amount of the annual co-ownership fees: 1964 euros - Fees: 53/3062nd of the general common areas - Property tax: 910 euros - No procedure in progress. Agency fees paid by buyer : 19 000 euros Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.fr Details of our rates: www.vaneau.fr/fr/nos-honoraires-paris-neuilly. VANEAU, prestigious real estate since 1972. A major player in high-end Parisian real estate for more than 40 years with more than 100 employees, VANEAU now has 25 agencies and offices ideally located in Paris, Neuilly, Boulogne, Cannes, Nice, Brussels, Marrakech, Miami and Dubai.

Facing the Île Saint-Louis, close to Notre-Dame, like a gentilhommière, this 358.70m² loi Carrez triplex on the top three floors of a secure building on the street benefits from very refined renovations and finishes. On the second floor, accessible by elevator and mainly facing the Seine, the reception area includes, to the right of the entrance, a dining room with its functional fireplace and a first living room overlooking the beautiful paved courtyard. To the left, a large reception room with a majestic fireplace, part of which has been raised for aesthetic reasons. All these rooms have 4-meter high ceilings. The original beams have been preserved, and the floors are in Burgundy stone. To the left of the entrance, separated by a door, is a guest checkroom and toilet. Under the L-shaped staircase, a fountain. Back on the courtyard, a vast dining kitchen with its four-burner La Cornue cooking piano, set into the old fireplace. At the far end, a laundry room. Upstairs, a spacious bathroom with a direct view of the Seine from the bathtub, and equipped with a walk-in shower and two large basins. The master bedroom is organized around three areas: opposite the bathroom, a space currently dedicated to a music room, a space dedicated to digital entertainment and the bedroom with its splendid views of Notre-Dame. The latter offers considerable volume thanks to its cathedral ceiling and 6-meter high ceilings. Back on the courtyard, a large custom-made dressing room with two integrated workspaces. On the top floor, under the rafters, a second bedroom, also with cathedral ceiling and en-suite shower room. This space can be split in two to create a third bedroom. Access would be possible to the elevator serving the building. In the basement, two cellars.

Sole Agent. Rue Maitre Albert, by Maubert market and a stone’s throw from Notre Dame Cathedral. This bright and peaceful apartment on the 5th floor of a mid 19th century building with a lift offers 63.53 sqm of living space as defined by the Carrez Law. Featuring exposed beams, it includes a living/reception room, a separate kitchen, a bedroom, a bathroom, a shower room and a separate wc. An ideal pied a terre.

This bright and peaceful studio apartment is on the 5th and top floor of a luxurious mid 20th century building with a lift located a stone’s throw from the Panthéon. In very god condition, it includes a living room opening onto a little balcony, a kitchen, a shower room and a separate wc. With a cellar. A parking space would be possible at extra cost.

Sole Agent. This exceptional 137.33 sqm apartment is on the 3rd floor of a fine early 20th century building with a lift. It includes a spacious double living/reception room bathed in sunshine thanks to several floor-to-ceiling windows commanding an open view of the Seine and Notre-Dame Cathedral., an equipped open-plan kitchen, and two spacious suites with bathrooms and dressing rooms. A 30 sqm studio apartment may also be acquired. A superb pied a terre near Place Maubert and historic Ile Saint Louis. Henri IV catchment area.

This two-room apartment is on the 2nd floor of a mid 19th century building located in the heart of the capital’s Mouffetard neighbourhood. Offering 45.24 sqm of living space, it includes a west-facing living room overlooking a peaceful street, an open-plan kitchen, a bedroom overlooking a courtyard, a study area, and a shower room with a wc. With a basement cellar.

Sole Agent. Rue Maitre Albert, a stone’s throw from Notre Dame Cathedral and by Maubert market. This bright and peaceful apartment on the 5th floor of a mid 19th century building with a lift offers 55.82 sqm of living space as defined by the Carrez Law. Featuring exposed beams, it includes a living/reception room, a bedroom, a bathroom and a separate wc. With a cellar. An ideal pied a terre.

On the left bank of the Seine, facing the Ile Saint-Louis and in the immediate vicinity of Notre-Dame, the Hôtel de Nesmond is an impressive sight. Comprising a number of buildings arranged around its main courtyard, this very special mansion in itself encompasses a large part of Paris's history. From its subdivision under Philippe Le Bel in the 14th century to its transformation in the 17th century by François-Théodore de Nesmond, Superintendent of the House of Prince Condé and President of the Parliament of Paris, who gave it its current name, it represents the quintessence of the Parisian private mansion. Confiscated during the French Revolution in 1789, it was relegated to the status of an absinthe factory in the 19th century, a description of which can be found in one of Alphonse Daudet's Monday Tales in 1872: ‘... One feels at home in a factory... But with the night, the great silence, the winter moon that casts and intertwines shadows in the jumble of intricate roofs, the ancient Nesmond house regains its seigneurial allure’. In the mid-twentieth century, a complete restoration restored it to its former magnificence. Owned by the same family (purchased in part in 1847, then in full in 1872) for eight successive generations, the Hôtel de Nesmond is now putting one of its pavilions up for sale: its left wing, a fine detached residence running alongside the river and as close as possible to the large entrance porch, listed as a Historic Monument in 1962, as are the roofs and facades of the Hôtel de Nesmond. Co-ownership of 33 lots Average annual charges : 20 000 €/year No proceeding in progress. ECD : E (252 kWh/sq.m/year) - GGE : F (59 kgCO2/sq.m/year) Energy rating delivered before June 30th 2021. Transaction fees (all taxes included) to be paid by the seller. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the “Géorisques” website: www.georisques.gouv.fr Rich in history, the 5th arrondissement of Paris is located on the left bank of the Seine. It is the oldest arrondissement in Paris and has preserved the only two remaining vestiges of the Roman era, the Thermes de Cluny and the Arènes de Lutèce. A bit of history: The Hôtel de Nesmond was initially the residence of Philippe le Bel's panetier in the 14th century, then of the Duke of Bar. The hotel was bought in 1586 by Jacques Faye d'Espesse from the Duke of Montpensier, François de Bourbon. In 1643, François-Théodore de Nesmond, President of the Parliament of Paris, gave it its current appearance. Saint-Simon recounts in his Memoirs that the daughter-in-law of Monsieur de Nesmond, daughter of Madame de Miramion, had her name engraved on the pediment of the porte cochère out of vanity. In the 18th century, the hotel became the residence of Michel Blondy, a dance master, and then in the 19th century the headquarters of an absinthe distillery. The hotel is partially listed (entrance door, facades and roofs) as a historical monument by order of 23 October 1962. It benefits from the proximity of all the shops and the market of the Place Maubert-Mutualité. School sectorisation: Nursery, Poissy school - Primary, Pontoise school - Secondary, Henri IV. Ideal for families, investors, a base in Paris.

Just a stone's throw from the Seine and Ile Saint Louis, in an 1890 building with elegant common areas, family and reception apartment on the 2nd floor with elevator. It features spacious, light-filled rooms and lovely, unobstructed views of the Seine from the balcony. This former medical practice has been refurbished (paintwork, floors, electricity), and now features : - an entrance gallery, - a 7.25m2 double living/dining room with balcony - a room to be used as a separate kitchen - three large rooms for future bedrooms - a dressing room or large storeroom - another office or children's bedroom - guest toilet Renovation work required Ideal layout, no loss of space HSP: 3m Parquet flooring, moldings Air conditioning Two cellars complete this property Elevator Double access via service staircase Authorized liberal professions Sectorization Lycée Henry IV All shops and transport in the immediate vicinity

PARIS 5 - QUARTIER LATIN NEIGHBOURHOOD SAINT-MICHEL NOTRE-DAME. 4th FLOOR WITH A LIFT: DUAL-ASPECT 2-BEDROOM APARTMENT. On the 4th floor, with a lift, of a nice freestone mid 19-century building: Magnificent dual-aspect 66 sqm apartment in very good condition, bénefiting from an excellent floor plan and the chic parisian furnitures. It includes : entrance, a 27 sqm living/reception room with a fitted and equipped open kitchen, two bedrooms, one bathroom and one shower room. Two toilets. Many fitted storage spaces. With a cellar. In the vicinity of metro station Saint-Michel and Cluny la Sorbonne. SOLE AGENT. CONSULTANTS IMMOBILIER LUXURY REAL ESTATE PARIS

Sole agent - Barnes Panthéon is listing a bright, dual-aspect apartment on the 4th (top) floor with stairs of a building close to Place Monge, at the heart of Paris’ 5th arrondissement. Featuring a good-sized entrance hall with cupboards, a separate equipped kitchen, a large double-sized living room, two bedrooms (three possible), a shower room with toilet, a walk-in wardrobe, plenty of additional storage space and a second, separate toilet. This rare property enjoys complete peace and quiet, with plenty of unobstructed views, including of the Panthéon, to the south west (ensuring plenty of sunlight). A very large cellar (on the ground floor) and a bicycle storage room complete the property. This property is listed exclusively by Nicolas Watrin: Tel. +33 (0)6 10 30 36 34. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.fr Fees payable by the seller - Average amount of the share of charges €1,628/year - Estimated amount of annual energy costs for standard use based on 2021 energy costs: €1,908.23 - Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.fr Agency fees payable by vendor - Montant moyen de la quote-part de charges courantes 1,628 €/yearly - Montant estimé des dépenses annuelles d'énergie pour un usage standard, établi à partir des prix de l'énergie de l'année 2021 : 1908.23€ - Les informations sur les risques auxquels ce bien est exposé sont disponibles sur le site Géorisques : www.georisques.gouv.fr

Barnes Panthéon is listing a 107.88m² or 1,152 sq ft (Carrez Law surface) dual-aspect apartment on the third floor of a stunning stone building with a lift, a stone’s throw from Place Maubert and Ile Saint Louis. Floor plan: An entrance hall opens onto a large reception room over 54m² (581 sq ft) and a separate kitchen. Master bedroom, second room that can be used as a bedroom or office, bathroom, shower room, separate toilet, walk-in wardrobe and plenty of storage space. Cellar also included. South/east-facing apartment enjoying great peace and quiet and sheltered from prying eyes, in a magnificent condominium in the heart of Paris. Exceptional environment in a sought-after area, close to major public and private schools in the Henri IV school sector. All conveniences (shops, buses, Metro, and RER) Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the GeoHazards website: www.georisques.gouv.fr €1,500,000 Agency fees not included - Agency fees: 3.33% incl. tax Fees payable by the buyer - Average amount of the share of charges €4,884/year - Estimated amount of annual energy costs for standard use based on 2021 energy costs: €1,196 - Nathalie PENICAUD - Sales agent - EI - RSAC 530794213 1,500,000 € Agency fees not included - Agency commission: 3.33%VAT included Agency fees payable by buyer - Montant moyen de la quote-part de charges courantes 4,884 €/yearly - Montant estimé des dépenses annuelles d'énergie pour un usage standard, établi à partir des prix de l'énergie de l'année 2021 : 1196€ - Nathalie PENICAUD - Agent commercial - EI - RSAC 530794213

Exclusive listing. Barnes Panthéon is listing this fantastic corner apartment totalling 171m² (1,840 sq ft) of Carrez Law surface area, with balconies and lift access This spacious property is formed of two lots joined on a single level with two separate entrances Floor plan: Entrance hall leading to a double-sized 40m² (430 sq ft) reception room, 2 separate kitchens, 5 bedrooms, 1 bathroom, 2 shower rooms, 4 toilets and various alcoves. A cellar rounds off this property to revamp The apartment has numerous double windows affording views on three sides including over Place Maubert, and is close to public transport. It boasts period charm, a 3m (9.8ft) ceiling height, fireplaces, herringbone parquet flooring and mouldings Sought-after Henri IV school sector, excellent schools This property is listed exclusively by Nathalie PENICAUD: +33 (0)6 68 08 88 99 “Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the GeoHazards website: www.georisques.gouv.fr” €2,400,000 Agency fees not included - Agency fees: 5%TTC Fees payable by the buyer - Average amount of the share of charges €10,752/year - Estimated amount of annual energy costs for standard use: €2,080 ~ €2,860 - Nathalie PENICAUD - Sales agent - EI - RSAC 530794213 2,400,000 € Agency fees not included - Agency commission: 5%VAT included Agency fees payable by buyer - Montant moyen de la quote-part de charges courantes 10,752 €/yearly - Montant estimé des dépenses annuelles d'énergie pour un usage standard, établi à partir des prix de l'énergie de l'année 2021 : 2464.7€ ~ 2860€ - Nathalie PENICAUD - Agent commercial - EI - RSAC 530794213

In an old condominium, secured by double digicode. We offer you this beautiful 2-room apartment of 44.56 m2 (Carrez), on the 3rd floor without elevator.It consists of an entrance leading to a lovely living room with its kitchen area opening onto the street, a bedroom overlooking the courtyard, a bathroom, and a separate toilet.This cross-unit apartment in excellent condition, facing full south, will charm you with its ideal location in immediate proximity to many shops and transport.Electric individual heating and hot water.Seller's net price: €550,000;Buyer’s fees: €26,400Charges provisions: €112/monthProperty tax: €399/yearThis description has been automatically translated from French.

Saint-Germain neighbourhood, between the Pantheon and the Ile Saint Louis. This elegant and bright apartment on the second floor of a luxurious late 19th century Haussmannian building benefits from a continuous balcony enjoying a view of the Seine. It includes a double living/reception room, a kitchen, three bedrooms, a bathroom and a shower room. With two cellars.

EXCLUSIVITY PARIS V - Rue Berthollet. In a well-maintained recent building with a caretaker, an apartment with a Carrez area of 88 m2 completely renovated, crossing, bright and benefiting from a perfect layout without any loss of space.It includes: an entrance, a dressing room, a spacious living room with sliding double-glazed windows opening onto a 4 m2 continuous balcony, a separate fully equipped kitchen, an en-suite bedroom with its bathroom/WC and dressing room, two other bedrooms overlooking a pleasant garden, a shower room, and independent toilets. Numerous storage options. Electric shutters. Sold with a cellar. New double-glazed windows.REAL ESTATE CONSULTANTS PARISThis description has been automatically translated from French.

MONTAGNE SAINTE GENEVIEVE Exclusive listing at the heart of the fifth arrondissement, one of the iconic left bank neighbourhoods, in a remarkable location, on the second floor of a stunning 18th century building with a lift. Magnificent corner apartment renovated by an interior designer and spanning 60 sq.m (646 sq ft) with triple exposure and breathtaking views over Ecole Polytechnique and Place Jacqueline-de-Romilly. It features an entrance hall, a large corner living room and an open-plan kitchen, two bedrooms overlooking the square and the courtyard and a shower room. This ideal pied-à-terre has been renovated with high-quality materials. Your dreams have a home!

Just steps away from the Place du Panthéon, in a quiet little street, Vaneau offers you this charming studio overlooking the courtyard. Close to the Jardin des Plantes and the lively shops of Rue Mouffetard.On the second floor with an elevator, this studio offers a peaceful and warm atmosphere. Composed of a bright main room with an unobstructed view of a tree-lined courtyard, a fully equipped kitchen, and a bathroom. It has a compact layout with no wasted space and ample storage. A cellar completes this property.A rare opportunity not to be missed!LOI ALUR: 71 lots in the co-ownership. DPE F. No ongoing procedure based on articles 29-1 A and 29-1 of law n°65.557 of July 10, 1965, and article L.615-6 of the CCH. http://www.vaneau.fr/fr/nos-honoraires-paris-neuillyimal.This description has been automatically translated from French.

Paris 5th. Sorbonne district. Exceptional location for this 3-room apartment of 68.8 m2 Carrez located within a Jean Prouvé building between the Sorbonne and the Pantheon.The property is on the 4th floor with an elevator and consists of: entrance, spacious living room (35 m2), large bedroom (14 m2), open-plan kitchen, second bedroom or office. Bathroom with toilet. Lots of storage. A healthy cellar (4.3 m2) completes the property.Bright and cross-ventilated property. Modular layout (no load-bearing walls). Well-managed building composed exclusively of owners.Collective gas heating and hot water with electric boiler. Double glazing. Energy performance diagnostic D.

RIVERCOACH, N°1 in river housing advice and houseboat sales, presents this superb 180m2 boat located in the heart of Paris, with its pretty terrace offering a magnificent view of the Ile Saint Louis.
A very spacious living area includes a bright living room, dining room, open kitchen and a lovely lounge with fireplace.
Two bedrooms, an office (possibility of a third bedroom), a bathroom, a shower and toilets are located in the front part of the boat, while a third bedroom is located at the rear, in an independent studio.

 For more details on this exceptional property, please contact Boris on +33 6 74 79 47 51

RIVERCOACH, N°1 in river housing advice and houseboat sales, offers you a unique opportunity in the heart of Paris, opposite the Ile Saint Louis. This superb 210m2 boat boasts a terrace with exceptional views. This property comprises a spacious, bright living room on two levels, including a lounge, dining room and office area. The fully equipped kitchen, separated by a workshop-type window, opens onto the living area. The main part of the boat has two bedrooms, each with its own bathroom and toilet. A third bedroom is located aft. The two-level pilothouse offers a wide range of layout possibilities: duplex, independent studio or additional bedroom. For more information or to arrange a viewing, please contact Boris at +33 6 74 79 47 51. Don't miss this unique opportunity to live on the water in the heart of Paris!

BARNES Panthéon is listing a 44.05m² or 474 sq ft (Carrez Law) apartment in perfect condition, bathed in light, with a 7m² (75 sq ft), west-facing, wide balcony and no overlooking, located on the 5th floor of an old building (staircase access) built in 1850, just a stone's throw from the Jardin du Luxembourg. This dual-aspect apartment with an optimised layout comprises a living-dining room, fitted and equipped kitchen, two bedrooms, hallway and shower room with toilet. Plenty of cupboards. Its highly sought-after location in the heart of the 5th arrondissement, just a stone's throw from the Jardin du Luxembourg, its Henri IV school sector, and its convertible balcony offering unobstructed views of the Paris skyline, make it a rare property. This property is listed exclusively by Christelle Chirouter: +33 (0)6 11 01 09 71 €720,460 Agency fees not included - Agency fees: 4.1% incl. tax Fees payable by the buyer - Average amount of the share of charges €4,416/year - Estimated amount of annual energy costs for standard use based on 2023 energy costs: €570 ~ €820 - Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the GeoHazards website: www.georisques.gouv.fr - Christelle Chirouter - Sales agent - EI - RSAC 903860054 720,460 € Agency fees not included - Agency commission: 4.1%VAT included Agency fees payable by buyer - Nombre de lots dans la copropriété: 27 - Montant moyen de la quote-part de charges courantes 4,416 €/yearly - Montant estimé des dépenses annuelles d'énergie pour un usage standard, établi à partir des prix de l'énergie de l'année 2023 : 570€ ~ 820€ - Les informations sur les risques auxquels ce bien est exposé sont disponibles sur le site Géorisques : www.georisques.gouv.fr - Christelle CHIROUTER - Agent commercial - EI - RSAC 903860054

Immobilier.notaires® and notary office EQUILIS NOTAIRES offer :Apartment for sale - PARIS 5 (75005)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Visits: By appointment.Contact: 06.52.06.90.17- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A notary real estate ad of EQUILIS NOTAIRES - Notaries in Paris 5e Arrondissement - N° SIRET : 91749494000013- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Immobilier.notaires® : Value, buy & sell with notaries everywhere in France. 12.000 notaries, experts and negotiators assist you in your real-estate project with confidence.

Vaneau Luxembourg invites you to discover a duplex with unique charm, combining Parisian elegance with the tranquility of a countryside ambiance in the heart of the capital. With a Carrez area of 168.89 m² and a total area of 179.58 m², this exceptional property is nestled on the 3rd and 4th floors of a prestigious condominium with an elevator.A Coveted Location:Located in a sought-after neighborhood, this apartment offers immediate access to shops, restaurants, iconic monuments, and public transport, while preserving a peaceful and authentic atmosphere. Here, you benefit from true Paris, in an environment where urban life harmoniously blends with serenity.An Inspiring Interior:From the entrance, the charm takes effect: beautiful volumes bathed in natural light, a warm ambiance, and possibilities for personalization. On the 3rd floor, discover a functional and modern living space, consisting of an open kitchen, a dining room, a spacious living room, a separate toilet, a bedroom, an entrance hallway, and a laundry room.Refined Night Space:On the 4th floor, the night space consists of two bedrooms with en-suite bathrooms, as well as a superb master suite with a bathroom and a private terrace – a true haven of peace outdoors overlooking the inner courtyard, rare in Paris.A Rare Property to Discover Immediately:This duplex is a unique opportunity for those who appreciate beautiful Parisian architecture and atypical spaces. An exceptional living space in a privileged setting.LOI ALUR: 15 lots in the condominium. Annual share of the estimated budget of approximately 5,164 Euros. No ongoing procedures based on articles 29-1 A and 29-1 of law n°65.557 of July 10, 1965 and article L.615-6 of the CCH. http://www.vaneau.fr/fr/nos-honoraires-paris-neuillyimalThis description has been automatically translated from French.

75005 // École Polytechnique // Panthéon In the heart of Paris' prestigious Grandes Écoles district, ideally located just a few steps from the Panthéon, DOLY is proud to present this magnificent, fully renovated 39m2 one-bedroom apartment. Located on the 1st floor, the apartment comprises an entrance hall, a living room with an open, fully-equipped kitchen, a bedroom and a shower room with toilet. You're sure to love its ideal location, whether for higher education, a first purchase, an investment or a pied-à-terre. SECTORIZATION HENRI IV Professional practice possible PROPERTY COUP DE COEUR!

Discover this enchanting one-room apartment located in the heart of Paris 5ème, offering a unique investment opportunity in a historically rich and vibrant district. Ideal for first-time buyers or those looking to invest in rental properties, this charming residence is brimming with potential. Inside, you'll find a quaint space featuring a combination of rustic elements and modern possibilities. The room includes a built-in wardrobe for storage and is complemented by its characteristic wooden ceiling beams, adding a touch of Parisian charm. Though the interior requires some renovation, it provides a blank canvas for the new owner to design their ideal space. Located in a quiet and well-maintained building, this apartment benefits from an advantageous position close to local amenities, including shops, cafes, and transport links. Embrace the Parisian lifestyle in a prime location, surrounded by the charm and beauty of this historic arrondissement.

Equinimo, a fixed commission of 8,900 euros, offers for sale this 71.50m² apartment with a 3m² balcony, located on the 2nd floor with an elevator, on Pierre Nicole Street, 260m from the RER B Port Royal and 300m from the Luxembourg Garden.The apartment, cross-ventilated and in very good condition, consists of a 38.50m² living room-kitchen with a 3m² balcony, two bedrooms of 10.50m² and 13m², a bathroom, and a separate toilet. The property features solid wood flooring, integrated storage, and double-glazed windows. A cellar and an underground parking space are included in the sale.Monthly charges of 450 euros include cold water, hot water, heating, elevator, concierge services, and maintenance of common areas. The property tax is 1,782 euros.Find more details about this property (location, plans, filmed visit, etc.) directly on Equinimo.This description has been automatically translated from French.