luxury houses with pool for sale Teià, Spain (page 2)

This extraordinary manor villa from the 1930s belongs to that rare category of properties that transcend mere real estate. A residence with a soul of its own, surrounded by century-old gardens, where classical architecture, privacy and proximity to the sea come together to create a lifestyle that is increasingly difficult to find along the Barcelona coastline. Located in one of the most prestigious residential areas of El Masnou, just a short walk from the beach, marina and town centre, the property sits on an exceptional plot of over 1,300 sqm, offering space, privacy and a constant connection to the Mediterranean surroundings. Upon entering through the main entrance, the home reveals an elegant and timeless atmosphere. Natural light flows throughout every room, highlighting the high ceilings, generous living spaces and architectural features that preserve the property's original character. With approximately 500 sqm of built area, the residence offers a layout designed for both family living and entertaining guests. The living and dining areas open onto the garden, creating a seamless connection between indoor and outdoor spaces, while the independent kitchen and auxiliary rooms provide practicality and comfort for everyday living. The sleeping quarters comprise a total of seven bedrooms and five bathrooms, distributed across several floors to ensure both privacy and independence. The principal suite enjoys pleasant open sea views and serves as a true private retreat within the home. The outdoor areas are undoubtedly among the property's greatest highlights. A magnificent Mediterranean garden surrounds the residence, creating a variety of settings for every moment of the day. The private swimming pool invites relaxation during the warmer months, while the spacious terraces and lounge areas provide the perfect setting for family gatherings, al fresco dining or simply enjoying the tranquillity of the surroundings. As a finishing touch, the property features a spectacular panoramic rooftop terrace with open views over the Mediterranean Sea and the Barcelona skyline, offering a privileged setting from which to enjoy sunrises, sunsets and summer evenings in complete privacy. A truly unique property for those who appreciate history, architecture and exclusivity, in a privileged location just twenty minutes from Barcelona. A residence that is not simply lived in, but truly experienced. The sale price does not include taxes or expenses related to the sale which, in accordance with current regulations, are the responsibility of the buyer: (i) for pre-owned homes, the Property Transfer Tax (ITP) at the rate applicable in the Autonomous Community; (ii) for new-construction homes, VAT and Stamp Duty (AJD) in accordance with current regulations; (iii) notary and registry fees; and (iv) administrative agency fees, if applicable. Availability to be agreed upon. The offer is subject to price changes or withdrawal from the market without prior notice. The information provided, including floor areas, is for guidance only. Real estate brokerage fees will be borne by the relevant party in accordance with the signed agreement. Detailed and personalized information will be provided to any interested party prior to the payment of any deposit, in accordance with applicable national and regional regulations. ref:CBES2928

Located on one of the most elegant streets in the charming coastal town of El Masnou, this exceptional historic property has been completely restored with exquisite taste, perfectly combining classic character with modern comfort. The sober and refined property exudes freshness and harmony. Nature is part of its essence: flowering bougainvilleas and centuries-old trees embrace the house, providing privacy and a uniquely serene environment. Among its outbuildings is a separate apartment of over 100 m2, which has a living room, kitchen, bedroom and bathroom, ideal for guests or to enjoy as additional space. The main house is distributed over two floors. In the living area, a spacious living-dining room offers three distinct environments: a cosy corner with a mahogany fireplace, a reading area and a relaxation area opening onto the garden through large arched windows that flood the space with natural light. The floor is completed by a kitchen-diner, a separate laundry area and a guest toilet. An imposing wooden staircase leads to the upper floor, where there are four bedrooms, three of them en suite, with access to two large terraces. There is the possibility of extending the house by adding an additional floor. The fully established garden invites you to enjoy pleasant moments by the private swimming pool and a large covered porch with wooden ceilings, equipped with a barbecue, ambient lighting and a sound system. The property has its own water well, rainwater collection tank, alarm system with security cameras and motorised access gate. Its location is unbeatable: just a five-minute walk from the beach, the marina and the train station, which connects directly to the centre of Barcelona. A unique residence that combines history, elegance and comfort in one of the most exclusive enclaves of the Maresme.

Located in the exclusive Ciutat Jardí area of El Masnou, this unique property combines architectural value, generous space and a privileged location just minutes from the sea. It is a French-style neoclassical colonial house, built in the early 20th century and listed as architectural heritage of the municipality, giving it a truly distinctive and rare character in the area.The property is arranged over four levels and offers a layout designed for large families, representative use or residential projects requiring generous space. The entrance level features several daytime living areas: a main living room, a library, a lounge with fireplace and direct access to the garden and swimming pool, as well as a kitchen with exterior access, a small utility room, a full bathroom and three double bedrooms.The first floor houses a spacious living room with access to a balcony offering sea views, along with six bright double bedrooms and three full bathrooms, creating a comfortable and well-balanced sleeping area with excellent natural light.The second floor is occupied by a fully open-plan attic, with melis pine wooden ceilings, offering great potential as a living area, study, creative space or multi-purpose room, while preserving the original character of the house.The basement level includes a garage with capacity for three vehicles, as well as a large area currently used as offices, with a bathroom and several storage rooms, providing additional functionality ideal for professional use, archives or auxiliary spaces.The exterior features a landscaped garden with private swimming pool, creating a peaceful outdoor living space with privacy and tranquillity. The combination of garden, pool and interior spaces connected to the outdoors enhances the quality of life offered by this property.Situated in one of the most sought-after areas of El Masnou, close to the beach, public transport, services and with quick access to Barcelona, this home represents an exceptional opportunity for those seeking a property with history, generous space and a well-established coastal location.Offered by Setclaus, this house stands out for its uniqueness, heritage value and versatility of use. A visit allows one to fully appreciate the elegance of its spaces, its potential and the unmistakable character of a historic estate in the heart of the Maresme.

Newly built (2023) detached home located in Premià de Dalt (Barcelona), within a quiet and well-connected residential area. With 382 m² built and 350 m² usable, the property combines contemporary design, spaciousness, and energy efficiency, with a layout designed for comfortable family living.On the main floor, there is a large living-dining room with open kitchen, large windows, and direct access to the garden and private pool. This level includes a large master suite with dressing room and private bathroom, as well as a double bedroom that shares the guest bathroom on this floor. The design emphasizes the connection between indoor and outdoor spaces, with bright rooms and excellent orientation.The first floor features four double bedrooms and a full bathroom, with three of them opening onto a 32 m² terrace offering panoramic views of the sea, the town, and the mountains. It also includes a multipurpose room, ideal for a study, leisure area, or office.On the basement level, the property includes a 66 m² garage and a 59 m² multipurpose room, which can be used as a gym, playroom, or even extend the parking area, depending on the owner’s needs.The outdoor area features a 450 m² landscaped garden with a private pool and functional spaces for year-round outdoor living. On the right side of the garden, there is a section prepared with irrigation for a vertical vegetable garden, perfect for home cultivation. In addition, the tree area includes fruit trees, adding freshness and natural charm to the surroundings.The house is equipped with aerothermal heating and air conditioning, ensuring efficiency and comfort all year round. It includes a furnished kitchen, laundry room, and storage, as well as a garage with capacity for multiple vehicles.Located just minutes from Premià de Dalt town center, with quick access to schools, services, and main transport routes, this property combines residential tranquility with proximity to Barcelona and the Maresme coast.Offered by Setclaus, this property represents an exceptional opportunity for families seeking a modern, spacious home ready to move into, featuring contemporary design, private outdoor areas, vegetable garden and fruit trees, and unique panoramic views.

Exclusive villa in Premiá de Dalt. At Grandiora Real Estate, we present a truly exceptional property, located in one of the most exclusive and promising areas of the Maresme region. An environment where privacy, comfort, and nature combine with open views of the sea and green spaces, offering a serene and sophisticated residential experience. This villa, in excellent condition, stands out for its elegant architecture, spacious rooms, and extraordinary natural light throughout. The property features 5 bedrooms, all with built-in wardrobes, large windows, and direct access to the garden, as well as 4 full bathrooms, designed to guarantee comfort and well-being. The spacious and functional kitchen flows seamlessly into an impressive, light-filled living-dining room, which opens onto a panoramic terrace overlooking the private garden and swimming pool. An ideal space for both relaxation and sharing moments in a carefully curated and welcoming environment. The lower floor features spaces designed for enjoyment and exclusivity: a sophisticated wine cellar, an elegant living room with a fireplace, and a second, separate area housing a private suite, perfect for guests or creating a distinct personal space. The exterior completes the property with a meticulously maintained garden, a private swimming pool, and a spacious garage equipped with built-in wardrobes and ample storage. The property incorporates solar panels, providing energy efficiency and reinforcing a sustainable lifestyle without sacrificing comfort or luxury. Its location is unbeatable for those seeking tranquility and quality of life, with excellent connections to the beach, restaurants, national and international schools, the city, and the port. Proximity to Barcelona will be further enhanced by the new highway access planned for 2026, allowing access to the city in just 10 minutes. A unique residence that represents the perfect balance between exclusivity, nature, and urban living. For more information or to arrange a private viewing, we would be delighted to assist you.

Fantastic home ten minutes walk from the beach, the train station and the center with all its services, and schools. Built in 1952, and recently renovated, preserving most of the original details of the time. With a constructed area of 446 m2, on a plot of 707 m2. The house has a total of 7 bedrooms with large and bright rooms, many of them equipped with a fireplace, terrace and sea views; It has 4 bathrooms, as well as a beautiful garden with its own pool that will make you feel the tranquility and being of the area. The house is distributed over 4 comfortable floors with high ceilings. The main floor offers a large hall, a dining room, a living room with a fireplace and access to a terrace, a library and a bathroom. A beautiful wooden staircase connects all the floors in the house. The first floor consists of 3 bedrooms and a bathroom. On the top floor, we find 4 bedrooms, one of them with a fireplace, and a bathroom. The 40 m2 kitchen with an exit to the garden and the summer porch is located on the lower floor. This floor also offers a utility room and a shower room. The garage has capacity for 2 cars.

Located in a central area, this house allows you to enjoy proximity to the beach, the train station and a variety of shops, all in a quiet and exclusive setting. Privacy is guaranteed, allowing you to live freely without sacrificing the convenience of having everything close at hand. From the moment you enter, the house captivates with its contemporary aesthetics and meticulous attention to detail. The entrance, adorned with a beautiful garden, leads to a space that combines elegance and functionality. Upon entering, you are greeted by a spacious hall that connects to different areas of the house, starting with: A bright open-plan living room with high ceilings and large windows offering views of the outside and filling the space with natural light. From here, you can access a porch that invites moments of tranquillity and socialising. A kitchen equipped with appliances, perfect for preparing and sharing meals in a modern and cosy atmosphere. The exterior becomes a private oasis, with a terrace that houses a barbecue area, an outdoor dining area and a minimalist swimming pool, surrounded by vegetation that provides privacy and serenity. On the upper floor, you will find: Several bedrooms, including a master suite with a dressing room and en-suite bathroom, designed to offer a haven of tranquillity. Other bedrooms that share a full bathroom, ideal for family or guests. An additional area at the top, which can function as an office, games room or gym, with access to a balcony with panoramic views of the city and the sea. The basement offers a spacious garage for several vehicles and a space dedicated to laundry and storage, designed to make everyday life easier. Built with high-quality materials and following the strictest standards, this property is much more than a home: it is a space designed to offer a fulfilling living experience, where light, tranquillity and luxury combine in perfect harmony. Living here means enjoying the convenience of being in the centre of El Masnou, just a few minutes from Barcelona, in an environment that invites you to create unforgettable memories. Don't miss the opportunity to discover this unique property, which is sure to win your heart from the very first moment.

Discover an exclusive detached house in Premià de Dalt, where design, spaciousness, and surroundings combine to offer a privileged lifestyle on the Maresme coast. With a constructed area of ​​300 m² distributed over three floors, all connected by a convenient interior elevator, this property stands out for its functionality and elegance. Every space has been designed to guarantee maximum comfort and a high-end residential experience. The sleeping area comprises four spacious bedrooms—a master suite and three double bedrooms—accompanied by four full bathrooms that provide comfort and privacy for both family and guests. In addition, the house has two multipurpose rooms, easily adaptable as a professional office, cinema room, gym, or playroom, depending on the client's needs. The living area offers a spacious living-dining room with direct access to the garden, integrated with a modern open-plan kitchen that maximizes natural light and encourages social interaction. The fireplace provides a warm and inviting atmosphere during the cooler months, making this space the true heart of the home. Air conditioning throughout the entire property ensures year-round comfort. Outside, the 650 m² garden with a private pool is the perfect place to relax and enjoy the Mediterranean climate. Panoramic sea and mountain views provide a serene natural setting that complements the elegant design of the house. The property also includes a closed garage and a separate laundry area, adding practicality to everyday life. An exceptional opportunity for those seeking quality of life, privacy, and privileged views in one of the most sought-after areas of the Maresme region. We invite you to contact us for more information and to arrange a personalized visit.

Spectacular house located in the most elegant area of El Masnou, in the Maresme. Completely restored with exceptional taste combining classic charm with contemporary comfort. The location is unbeatable, just five minutes walk from the beach, the marina and the train station that connects directly to the center of Barcelona. The house has sea views from the top floor. The house is built on two plots of 1,338 m² and has a well-kept garden with swimming pool, where the trees provide privacy and an atmosphere of serenity. It has access to two streets, offering excellent communication with the center of town and the beach. In addition to the spacious main house, it stands out for having an independent apartment of more than 100 m², which includes a large living room, a modern kitchen, bedroom and large bathroom, ideal for guests, with direct access to the garden and pool. The main house is organized on two levels. On the first floor, a bright living-dining room with different environments: a relaxation area next to a fireplace and a space open to the garden through large arched windows that fill every corner with natural light. The kitchen has a separate laundry area. In addition, on this floor there is a guest toilet. An elegant wooden staircase leads to the upper floor, where five bedrooms are located, three of them with en suite bathroom, and access to two large terraces with beautiful sea views. There is the possibility of extending the building by taking advantage of one of them. The light is undoubtedly one of the great protagonists of this property. It has top quality finishes, including air conditioning and electric blinds. In the outdoor area, in addition to the large garden areas and swimming pool, there is a covered porch with barbecue.

Grandiora Real Estate presents one of the most exclusive and singular properties currently available on the Maresme coast — an exceptional residence where contemporary luxury, privacy and spectacular views of the Mediterranean combine to offer a truly unique living experience.Located in the prestigious and highly sought-after town of Premià de Dalt, this magnificent villa occupies a privileged plot of over 1,700 m² and enjoys an elevated position that gifts breathtaking panoramic views of the sea and the natural surroundings. With approximately 450 m² of built space, over 800 m² of gardens and more than 400 m² of terraces, every space has been conceived to make the most of the Mediterranean lifestyle.Originally built in 1978, the property has been completely transformed through an ambitious full-scale renovation carried out to the highest quality standards, achieving new-build certification. The result is an impeccably designed home incorporating noble materials, genuine high-luxury finishes and state-of-the-art technological solutions, achieving a perfect harmony between elegance, comfort and efficiency.From the very first moment, the residence conveys exclusivity. A spectacular entrance hall presided over by an elegant architectural staircase bathed in natural light sets the tone for the entire property. The impressive open-plan living and dining room, opening onto the landscape through floor-to-ceiling windows, offers a sophisticated atmosphere in which the sea becomes the absolute centrepiece. An elegant study completes this exclusive daytime living area.The kitchen, designed to meet the most exacting standards, is fitted with cabinetry by the prestigious firm MODULNOVA and high-end appliances, making it a space where design and functionality reach their fullest expression.The night area houses four extraordinary private suites, all with direct access to terraces and gardens. The master suite is a true private sanctuary, with a bedroom of over 36 m² and a spectacular walk-in wardrobe exceeding 25 m². Every room has been conceived to deliver space, privacy and privileged views of the Mediterranean. The property also features an independent service suite, a laundry room, a private home cinema and a garage for three vehicles with electric charging points.The exterior elevates this residence to a category that is difficult to match. The extensive gardens have been designed to create a variety of leisure and relaxation settings, including a dedicated children's area, spaces for pets, and expansive multipurpose areas for sport and entertainment.The spectacular pool area becomes the social heart of the property. An elegant designer pool presides over this space, accompanied by an impressive fully equipped outdoor luxury kitchen, a professional barbecue area, a summer dining room and a sophisticated chill-out zone that invites unforgettable gatherings with family and friends, all set against the backdrop of extraordinary sea views.

Exclusive newly built villa in Premià de Dalt with panoramic views of the sea and mountains. Set on a 1,009 m² lot, this three-story residence with 600 m² of floor space has been conceived as a contemporary architectural masterpiece where design, privacy, and the landscape strike the perfect balance. Its unique geometry and layout maximize natural light and open each space toward the horizon.The home features an architectural layout that combines minimalist lines, warm materials, and a constant connection to the outdoors. The first floor features five bedrooms, all en suite, designed to offer privacy and comfort, with large windows facing the best views of the surroundings. The master suite includes a full bathroom with a shower and bathtub, as well as a private walk-in closet.The main floor features the home’s social spaces: a living room with a fireplace, a dining room, an open kitchen, an office area, and a seamless connection to terraces, the garden, and a spectacular outdoor pool spanning over 73 m². Large glass openings allow light and the landscape to become part of the daily experience.The basement level includes parking for four vehicles, a utility room, and a spacious multipurpose room adaptable to various uses according to the owner’s needs.Equipped with an elevator, home automation, climate control, a security system, solar energy, and luxury finishes, this residence offers a contemporary design intended to let you enjoy the Mediterranean lifestyle with the highest level of comfort.A home where architecture, light, and the horizon take center stage in a unique residential experience.

Located in one of Teià’s most exclusive residential areas, this outstanding contemporary villa redefines modern luxury living. Offering 479 sqm of built area on an 879 sqm plot, the property combines refined architecture, premium materials and exceptional comfort in a privileged Mediterranean setting just minutes from Barcelona.Distributed over three levels connected by a private elevator, the villa features four bedrooms, three of them en-suite, as well as five full bathrooms and a guest toilet. The bright and spacious living areas have been designed to create a seamless indoor-outdoor lifestyle, highlighted by an elegant 40 sqm living and dining room and a fully equipped designer kitchen of nearly 20 sqm.The outdoor areas have been conceived to fully embrace Mediterranean living throughout the year. The property offers more than 47 sqm of terraces, a beautifully landscaped 286 sqm garden, a private 20 sqm swimming pool, jacuzzi, chill-out area, outdoor kitchen, built-in barbecue and firepit. There is also the possibility to create an indoor swimming pool for an enhanced wellness experience.The lower level is entirely dedicated to leisure and well-being, featuring a private cinema room, gym, sauna, wine cellar, office and dedicated laundry area.The villa is equipped with state-of-the-art amenities including home automation, underfloor heating, advanced security system, premium sound and lighting systems, high-end appliances and designer furnishings. The property also includes two parking spaces, one of them equipped with a rotating car platform.A unique opportunity for buyers seeking a sophisticated high-end residence near Barcelona, combining privacy, technology, design and exceptional quality of life.[IW]

In a residential area of Premià de Dalt with sea and mountain views we present this house under construction of approximately 364m2, modern and energy efficient on a plot of approximately 860m2. The house is designed on 2 levels: Second floor: garage for two cars with storage room, master suite with dressing room and full bathroom, 2 double bedrooms and a bathroom, office, and another bathroom. First floor: day area with guest toilet, bedroom with bathroom, kitchen-office, pantry, and living-dining room with direct access to the porch and garden, Semi-basement floor: multipurpose room, machine room and bathroom. The garden will have an infinity pool, lighting, and grass floors with native trees. The irrigation will be with rainwater collection. It is planned energy certification A, aerothermal, home automation, aluminium carpentry, porcelain floors and parquet ... We have a quality report. Turnkey delivery is planned for the end of 2023.

House in Premià de Dalt Near Coast and Parks This elegant house offers a bright open-plan living area that connects smoothly to the outdoor spaces, creating a natural indoor-outdoor flow. The modern kitchen comes fully equipped with high-end appliances and sleek finishes. The house features an efficient aerothermal and radiant ceiling system for heating and cooling, along with a Zehnder climate control monitor to maintain ideal indoor conditions. Premium parquet floors, aluminum-framed windows, and refined architectural details complete the contemporary interior. Set on a private 483 m² plot in a quiet residential area, the house includes a beautifully landscaped garden, private swimming pool, spacious terraces and balconies with panoramic sea and mountain views, and a two-car garage. Its cul-de-sac location ensures both privacy and tranquility. Premià de Dalt is known for its peaceful setting, green surroundings, and panoramic sea views. Its proximity to both Barcelona and the Costa Brava makes it one of the most desirable areas to live. The house is also close to hiking trails and natural parks, offering a perfect balance between nature and urban life. The house for sale in Barcelona is 1.7 km from the Bike Park, 3 km from the CAP, 3.3 km from Premià de Mar train station, 3.5 km from the nearest beach, 24 km from the Sagrada Família, and 25 km from Barcelona city center. BCN-0030

Villa in Premià de Dalt Close to the Coast and Natural Parks The Premià de Dalt area is known for its peaceful environment, panoramic sea views, and proximity to both Barcelona and the Costa Brava. The villa is located near hiking trails and green landscapes, and it is only a short drive from the beach. The villa is situated 1.7 km from the Bike Park, 3 km from the CAP, 3.3 km from Premià de Mar train station, 3.5 km from the nearest beach, 24 km from the Sagrada Família, and 25 km from Barcelona city center. Set on a private 483 m² plot in a peaceful residential area, the villa offers an elegantly landscaped garden, a private swimming pool, and several terraces and balconies with sweeping sea and mountain views. The villa also includes a private garage for two vehicles and is located on a quiet cul-de-sac, ensuring both privacy and tranquility. Inside, the villa welcomes you with a bright, open-plan living space that seamlessly connects to the outdoor areas, creating a perfect flow between indoor and outdoor living. The modern kitchen is fully equipped with high-quality appliances and sleek finishes. The villa features a high-efficiency aerothermal and radiant ceiling heating and cooling system designed for optimal comfort in all seasons. A Zehnder climate control monitor allows real-time tracking of temperature and humidity to maintain ideal indoor conditions. Additional interior highlights include parquet flooring, premium aluminum-framed windows, and refined architectural details throughout. The villa for sale in Barcelona stands out for its harmonious blend of comfort, sustainability, and elegance in one of the most desirable locations near the city. BCN-00030

Premià de Dalt, Maresme - Located in the residential area just 25 minutes from central Barcelona, this newly built home offers open sea views, modern architecture, and spacious interiors in a peaceful and well-connected setting. The project sits on a 1,009 m² plot and offers over 600 m² of built area distributed across three floors. Completion is scheduled for May 2026. On the main floor, the property features a large open kitchen, dining area, and living room with direct access to the exterior. The 450 m² private garden includes an outdoor swimming pool, ideal for residential or family use. The upper floor houses five bedrooms, all en suite, with private bathrooms, high-quality finishes, and excellent orientation. The house also includes an internal lift, gym, technical room, and a covered garage with space for four vehicles. Premià de Dalt is a well-established residential area with easy access to international schools, services, shopping areas, and transport links to Barcelona. A new-build property that stands out for its contemporary design, functionality, and location.

This impressive property for sale, recently renovated, stands on a 765 m² plot and offers 331 m² of built space distributed over three floors, all connected by a practical elevator. Located in the best area of Premià de Dalt, this exclusive residence is distinguished by its elegant design and functionality.The property features a spacious dining room with a fireplace and access to the garden, and an open-concept kitchen, creating a perfect space that combines views with great privacy. The house has four large bedrooms, including a suite and three double rooms with direct access to a terrace. In addition, it has three full bathrooms and an additional toilet. The basement floor houses two multipurpose rooms ideal for use as a game room, office, home theater, gym, among other possibilities. The integrated elevator facilitates access to all floors, ensuring comfort and accessibility throughout the house.The exterior of the property features a 650 m² garden that includes a porch area and a pool. On the lower level, there is a charming area with fruit trees, adding a touch of nature to the environment. To complete this magnificent property, a garage space is included.Premià de Dalt, located 20 kilometers from Barcelona, characterized by its proximity to the Sierra de la Marina, offers numerous opportunities for outdoor activities, with landscapes of pine and oak forests that contrast with sea views. This tranquil environment makes it an ideal place for families and those seeking a relaxed lifestyle. Premià de Dalt has all the necessary amenities, such as schools, shops, restaurants, and sports centers.AREA: Premià de Dalt.

Total surface area 3392 m², house usable floor area 444 m², double bedrooms: 5, 5 bathrooms, air conditioning (hot and cold), age between 30 and 50 years, built-in wardrobes, heating (natural gas), ext. woodwork (aluminum), fireplace, kitchen, dining room, state of repair: in good condition, garage (over 2), garden (own), utility room, floor no.: 2, facing south, swimming pool (own), reinforced door, sunny, terrace, lands: parquet, pets accepted se aceptan, inner courtyard.