luxury villa with pool for sale Rives-du-Loir-en-Anjou, France

In the heart of Solesmes in Sarthe, just steps away from the famous Abbey of Saint Pierre, an exclusive haven of peace with exquisite refinement and top-of-the-line amenities awaits you, where well-being is elevated to an art of living. This property, unique in the region, is located in the most sought-after part of the Beaucé road. The villa allows you to live in a 300m² home with its receptions, kitchen, 6 bedrooms and their water rooms, terraces, and direct access to the pool house area of over 210m², featuring a large transparent and retractable roof swimming pool, sauna, hammam, gym, foosball table, bar, a place for friendship and relaxation, petanque court, and jacuzzi. Everything is constructed with the best insulation materials and is perfectly maintained throughout the year. Interior and exterior parking, pantry, laundry room, technical rooms, garden shed, and basement complete this property. For lovers of a bucolic and high-end living environment.This description has been automatically translated from French.

Only 5 minutes from the center of Laval and all amenities, discover this magnificent family villa of 217 m², built in the early 2000s with high-quality materials. Set on a superb wooded plot of 5,010 m², it offers a truly privileged living environment, combining comfort, space, and high-end features.Upon entering, you will be captivated by an impressive cathedral entrance that leads to a vast living area of almost 50 m², flooded with light, as well as a fully equipped open kitchen of 16 m². A pantry completes this space and provides direct access to a garage that can accommodate three vehicles.All living areas generously open onto the landscaped garden and its relaxation areas: swimming pool, jacuzzi, and gazebo with sauna, to fully enjoy sunny days with family or friends.The ground floor also includes a sports room that can serve as an office, as well as a master suite with a dressing room and bathroom.Upstairs, the sleeping area consists of five bedrooms, two bathrooms, and a separate toilet, offering ideal comfort for a large family.In terms of performance, this property benefits from an excellent B energy rating thanks to its geothermal heating, ensuring comfort and control of energy consumption.A house in perfect condition, where you will only have to unpack your bags.Finally, you will enjoy an ideal location: immediately close to schools, shops, and services, with the TGV station of Laval allowing you to reach Paris Montparnasse in just 1 hour and 10 minutes.A rare property in the area, to be discovered without delay.Contact us today at 07 83 01 60 03 to arrange a visit and let yourself be charmed by this exceptional villa.Fees included of 4% VAT payable by the buyer. Price excluding fees 750,000 €. Energy class B, Climate class A Estimated amount of annual energy expenses for standard usage: between €1,990.00 and €2,730.00 for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023 (subscriptions included). Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: georisques.gouv.fr. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.frThis description has been automatically translated from French.

Karacterre ® CHOLET - EXCLUSIVE LISTING - A character property set in a lush, green haven. Secluded within a privileged and unspoiled setting, this elegant property offers nearly 272 m² of living space, nestled in a wooded park of over 5,000 m². Upon entering, the home impresses with its spacious proportions and abundant natural light. The reception areas are organized around several living rooms featuring fireplaces and an intimate mezzanine—perfect for hosting family and friends in a warm, welcoming atmosphere. The house features a vast, recently renovated contemporary kitchen, five bedrooms (including a ground-floor master suite with a private bathroom), a study, a shared bathroom, and several toilets, making it ideal for comfortably accommodating a large family or serving as a high-end holiday home. Outside, the landscaped grounds form a true haven of peace. Fully enclosed and adorned with majestic trees, the park invites relaxation in a rare natural setting. Well-appointed terraces extend the living areas into the garden, while a storage outbuilding with a motorized shutter completes the property. A former garage has been incorporated into the main house to provide additional living space. This layout allows for the option of reverting to its original use, offering great flexibility in how the space is utilized. Over the years, the owners have carried out significant improvements: the roof was completely redone in 2023, a modern oil-fired boiler was installed, the kitchen was fully fitted and equipped, some windows and doors were replaced, extensive landscaping was undertaken, and several living areas were renovated. This home now offers the opportunity to fully realize its potential through some cosmetic updates and modernization. Distinguished by its generous proportions, the quality of its grounds, and its prime setting, this property will appeal to those seeking a family home that combines space, nature, and the potential for value appreciation. Features & technical details: Oil-fired heating (2023) supplemented by a fireplace, tiled roof (2023), aluminum double-glazed windows, fiber-optic connection at the gate, and a well connected to the outdoor irrigation system. Property tax: €4,310/year. Annual utility costs (electricity/oil): €6,000. Karacterre is an agency specializing in authentic properties, operating across the Pays de la Loire and Brittany regions (Angers, Cholet, Saumur, Le Mans, Rennes, Saint-Malo, Nantes, Tours, Laval). Discover our portfolio—including *maisons de maître*, bourgeois homes, lofts, contemporary houses, private mansions, châteaux, manor houses, charming longères, character apartments, and exceptional, luxury, or investment properties—directly on the Karacterre Immobilier website. Free valuation available upon request. Proof of identity will be required prior to any viewing, in accordance with Article L561-2-2 of the Monetary and Financial Code. Including fees of 4.96% TTC to be paid by of the purchaser. Price excluding fees 585 000 €. Energy class E, Climate class E Estimated amount of annual energy expenditure for standard use: between 5800.00 € and 7890.00 € for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023 (including subscriptions). Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Geohazards website: georisques.gouv.fr. This property is offered to you by a commercial agent (Sole proprietorship).

Karacterre ®. Overlooking the Sèvre Valley in Evrunes, this 320 m² villa offers a rare living environment, just 5 minutes from Mortagne-sur-Sèvre, set on a plot of over 4,000 m². Carefully renovated by an architect, the original house blends perfectly with a bright contemporary extension. Located in a privileged setting, the property is just 15 minutes from Cholet or Le Puy du Fou, and about one hour from Nantes or the coast. From the moment you enter, you'll discover generous volumes and high-quality materials: a large 46 m² living room, a 37 m² light-filled lounge, and a functional, fully fitted and equipped kitchen. The sleeping area on this main level includes two comfortable bedrooms as well as a spacious 45 m² master suite with a walk-in wardrobe and shower room. Throughout the home, large bay windows open onto balconies and terraces overlooking the garden and the valley. On the garden level, a second fully self-contained living space has been created. With its own terrace, kitchen, bedroom, and shower room, it is ideal for hosting guests independently or for a tourism project. This level also includes a laundry room, a cellar, and a large 90 m² garage that can accommodate up to four cars. The exterior is a true highlight. The main terrace surrounds a heated infinity pool, perfectly integrated into the landscape with unobstructed views. Part of the land is laid out as meadowland with a pond— a peaceful space that can easily accommodate animals. Additional features: Extension completed in 2018, double-flow ventilation system, external insulation (2018), condensing gas boiler (2018), pool (5 x 9 m) and terrace from 2011, fiber internet, garden shed, well, alarm system, electric garage door and gate, intercom, electric shutters, robotic lawn mower, water softener. Karacterre is an agency specializing in authentic properties, operating across the Pays de la Loire and Brittany regions (Angers, Cholet, Saumur, Le Mans, Rennes, Saint-Malo). Discover our listings including manor houses, bourgeois homes, lofts, contemporary houses, private mansions, castles, manors, charming longhouses, character apartments, exceptional and luxury properties, investment buildings, directly on the Karacterre Immobilier website. Free valuation available upon request. An identity document will be required prior to any visit, in accordance with Article L561-2-2 of the French Monetary and Financial Code. Including fees of 4.02% TTC to be paid by of the purchaser. Price excluding fees 572 000 €. Energy class C, Climate class C Estimated amount of annual energy expenditure for standard use: between 2539.00 € and 3437.00 € for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023 (including subscriptions). Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Geohazards website: georisques.gouv.fr. This property is offered to you by a commercial agent (Sole proprietorship).

EXCLUSIVITY - PRESTIGE ATLANTIQUE. In a privileged environment and sheltered from view, south of Nantes in the municipality of Basse-Goulaine, this elegant architect-designed villa, fully renovated in 2016, boasts 344 m2 of living space. An entrance hall opens onto a sumptuous living area with a bar space, highlighted by a Gyrofocus stove. The fitted kitchen, equipped with exceptional amenities (V-Zug and Miele appliances), integrates elegantly into the overall design. Large bay windows offer unobstructed views and naturally extend the space to a vast terrace with a swimming pool, erasing the boundaries between indoor and outdoor. The sleeping area features a master room with a shower room, a dressing room, and a terrace. An office, as well as a back kitchen/laundry room, complete the garden level. A magnificent contemporary staircase leads to the upper level where a spacious landing provides access to three bedrooms with dressing rooms, including a second magnificent master room enjoying an immense private terrace with breathtaking views of the garden, a bathroom with a shower, and a dressing room. A dedicated relaxation or cinema room and a shower room complete the floor. Set on a fully enclosed landscaped park of 2,826 m2, a summer pavilion, a garage for four cars, and a carport add the finishing touch to this exceptional property. This prestigious property accurately embodies the subtle alliance of contemporary architecture and an exclusive lifestyle in the heart of an intimate setting. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website http://www.georisques.gouv.fr. Selling price 1,596,000 EUR HAI including 5% agency fees borne by the buyer, resulting in a net selling price of 1,520,000 EUR. Prestige-Atlantique. (RCS. Saint-Nazaire 897 587 945 - CPI 44022021000000013) contact the agency at 02.40.21.91.13This description has been automatically translated from French.

Elegance Suspended Between Sky and Loire Nestled on the highly sought-after heights of Tours, this exclusive 1980s villa-style property perfectly embodies the art of living and daily escape. Proudly overlooking the city and its majestic river, it offers a continuous, ever-changing spectacle. Here, the floor-to-ceiling glass windows are far more than mere openings: they act as living frames, capturing a seasonal masterpiece and instantly inspiring a sense of serenity. The vast, fully air-conditioned living spaces are designed around a striking three-sided fireplace. Extending from this space, discover a high-end kitchen by the renowned Italian designer Harmony. Fully equipped and featuring its own large picture window overlooking the outdoors, it turns every shared moment into a culinary experience against a panoramic backdrop. Thoughtfully designed for ultimate comfort, this level allows for single-story living (vie de plain-pied) thanks to a superb primary suite complete with a walk-in closet and private bathroom. Upstairs, the immersive experience continues. A light-filled mezzanine—ideal for a game room or lounge—is crowned by a panoramic skylight overlooking the grounds and the city, leading to the sleeping quarters. There, you will find two sprawling 30 m² (approx. 320 sq. ft.) bedrooms, boasting double and triple exposures as well as the comfort of air conditioning, a separate shower room, and an independent restroom. An elegant guest bedroom with its own open-concept shower room completes this level. The lower level reveals a meticulously optimized full basement dedicated to wellness, sports, and relaxation, featuring a private sauna. A functional entrance hall with extensive custom built-in closets leads to a laundry room and an authentic, gravel-floored wine cellar for connoisseurs. This level also includes a cozy guest room (windowless bedroom) with its own private shower room, a versatile multi-purpose room (perfect for a workshop, music studio, or spare bedroom), and a vast unfinished room with direct outdoor access, opening the door to your most exclusive design projects. The landscaped grounds form a lush, wooded sanctuary, equipped with an automatic watering system and subtle lighting that enhances the estate after dark. The centerpiece of the outdoor area is the fully automated saltwater swimming pool, which appears suspended over the city. These outdoor amenities are complemented by two terraces, each offering a truly unique vantage point. Parking has been masterfully designed for hosting: the property features two private gated entrances, a 2-car carport, and a courtyard that easily accommodates up to 5 guest vehicles while remaining discreet to preserve the unobstructed views. A rare 52 m² (approx. 560 sq. ft.) detached cave/outbuilding completes this exceptional estate. A rare architectural signature, offering a confidential haven of peace just 8 minutes from the heart of Tours.

Discover this superb contemporary house, built in 2011 and offering high-end features including underfloor heating. Designed for comfort and modernity, it has approximately 220 m² of living space and is appealing due to its volumes, brightness, and quality of construction. Upon entering, you will be welcomed by a hall with storage and cathedral ceiling. The spacious living area, bathed in light, with a fitted and equipped kitchen, opens onto a semi-covered terrace ideal for enjoying sunny days. The ground floor also includes a master suite providing optimal comfort for daily living, as well as a 24 m² games room that can serve as a second bedroom or for a professional activity thanks to its independent entrance. A spacious 12 m² laundry room completes this level. Built on a 627 m² plot, this property benefits from low-maintenance outdoor space with a heated pool, offering a privileged living environment for relaxation and entertaining. A garage adds comfort and functionality to this property. For more information, contact Maxime de Noray at 06 59 54 31 91.This description has been automatically translated from French.

Karacterre® - Exceptional Property with Wellness Area Minutes from Puy du Fou This remarkable 277 m² contemporary property offers an exceptional living environment where comfort, elegance, and the art of entertaining blend perfectly. Currently operated as high-end accommodation, this residence—sold fully furnished—captivates immediately with its spacious interiors, high-quality finishes, and unspoiled setting. Designed to host families, groups, or exclusive getaways, it also presents a rare opportunity to develop a premium tourism business. Upon entering, the reception areas reveal a warm and refined atmosphere. The fully equipped kitchen opens onto a vast, inviting dining room and an elegant living room, creating a harmonious living space perfect for sharing special moments. The sleeping quarters feature six comfortable bedrooms—including a dormitory—and five well-appointed bathrooms, ensuring privacy and well-being for all guests. A true highlight of the property is its wellness area, offering an experience worthy of a luxury establishment: a heated indoor pool, spa/Jacuzzi, sauna, fitness area, and game room create a sanctuary dedicated to relaxation and rejuvenation. Outside, the expansive landscaped grounds invite serenity. A Zen garden, relaxation zones, and social areas blend harmoniously into a quiet, lush green setting—the perfect place to unwind and disconnect. A rare find on the Vendée market, this unique property combines quality of life, business potential, and prestigious amenities in one of the region's most sought-after tourist areas. Additional information: Electric heating, indoor pool/spa/sauna, dehumidifier, pool heat pump, complete renovation and extension (2019), outdoor parking, fiber optic internet, double-glazed aluminum windows, compliant all-water septic tank system (2010). Annual electricity costs: €6,500.Property tax: €4,783. Karacterre is an agency specializing in distinctive properties. We operate across the Pays de la Loire and Brittany regions, covering areas such as Angers, Cholet, Saumur, Rennes, and Saint-Malo. Discover our portfolio—including manor houses, elegant townhouses, lofts, contemporary homes, private mansions, châteaux, manors, charming longères (long farmhouses), character apartments, and exceptional, luxury, or charming properties, as well as investment buildings—directly on the Karacterre Immobilier website. Free valuation upon request. Proof of identity will be required prior to any viewing, in accordance with Article L561-2-2 of the Monetary and Financial Code. Including fees of 4.35% TTC to be paid by of the purchaser. Price excluding fees 920 000 €. Energy class D, Climate class B Estimated amount of annual energy expenditure for standard use: between 5400.00 € and 7400.00 € for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023 (including subscriptions). Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Geohazards website: georisques.gouv.fr. This property is offered to you by a commercial agent (Sole proprietorship).

Just steps away from the Erdre, shops, and transport, and only 15 minutes from Nantes, in the sought-after area of La Chesnaie, discover this magnificent family home that has been fully renovated. With its 226 m² of living space (295 m² on the ground), this property immediately captivates with its generous volumes, brightness, and quality of its amenities. On the ground floor, you will enjoy a 57 m² living room bathed in light with a wood stove, opening onto a secluded garden of nearly 2,000 m² with a covered saltwater pool and wooden terraces. This level also includes a master suite with a dressing room, private bathroom, and WC, an independent studio with a shower room, a laundry room, and a service entrance. Upstairs, the sleeping area offers five attic bedrooms (four of which are under 9 m² of living space and over 13 m² on the ground), an office or playroom, a bathroom, and a shower room. A garage, several parking spaces, a carport, a motorized gate, and geothermal heating complete this property. Its strengths: - The environment and proximity to Nantes - A large family home with all living on one level - An entirely equipped independent studio - The covered saltwater pool Guaranteed crush for this family property where comfort, serenity, and quality of life perfectly combine in an exceptional natural setting. Fees chargeable to the seller. Energy class C, Climate class A Estimated amount of annual energy expenses for standard use: between €2020.00 and €2810.00 for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023 (subscriptions included). Information regarding the risks this property is exposed to is available on the Géorisques site: georisques.gouv.fr. Your advisor SUBLIMONS LOIRE-ATLANTIQUE: Virginie MARY Commercial agent (Individual company) RSAC 983886300 RCP BeazleyThis description has been automatically translated from French.

37210 - ROCHECORBON - EXCLUSIVITY - FAMILY HOUSE - 4 BEDROOMS - 180.0 M² - IN-GROUND POOL - WOODED LAND OF ABOUT 4000M² Efficity, the agency that estimates your property online, Charlotte Moulin Le Déaut offers you this magnificent house with a pool, nestled in a green setting in Rochecorbon. THE ADVANTAGES of this property are: - Its in-ground pool measuring 10x5m - The vast wooded land of 4000 m² entirely fenced offering true tranquility - Less than 15 minutes from the train stations of Tours and Saint Pierre des Corps With an area of approximately 180 m², it is composed as follows: On the ground floor: - A spacious living room with an open kitchen - A veranda overlooking the garden - A large office space - A playroom - A shower room - A separate toilet Upstairs, a landing serves 4 bedrooms (ranging from 9 to 21m²) and a bathroom. Don’t miss the opportunity to acquire this magnificent property in Rochecorbon. Contact me now to arrange a visit. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Georisque website: georisques.gouv.fr Charlotte Moulin Le Déaut - EI - is a commercial agent and real estate advisor, registered with the Special Register of Commercial Agents at the Commercial Court of Tours under the number 839828761. The headquarters of the principal: effiCity, 48 avenue de Villiers - 75017 PARIS - Simplified Joint-Stock Company, capital of 132,373.05 euros, registered with the Paris RCS 497 617 746 and holder of the Professional Card CPI 7501 2015 000 002 025 - CCI Paris IDF - Guarantee Fund: GALIAN Assurances 89 rue de la Boétie 75008 ParisThis description has been automatically translated from French.

In a quiet, residential setting, this elegant property is set in 3600 m² of enclosed, secure wooded parkland, dotted with cedars and a variety of tree species. Built in the late 1960s, the residence boasts timeless architecture and generous volumes spread over three levels. Spaces have been designed to combine entertaining, privacy and well-being. The light-filled 45 m² living room opens onto a vast terrace, a natural extension of the living spaces. Several suites, areas dedicated to sports and relaxation, a spa area, a summer kitchen, a wine cellar and a vast garage complete this well-appointed property. A rare property, combining discretion, elegance and art of living, destined for a clientele seeking a privileged residential setting. ECD : C/C Price HAI : 783.750 € (Net selling price : 750.000 € - 4,5 % fees payable by the buyer) Property presented by BARNES Centre Sologne Val de Loire - [email protected] - +33 (0)6.16.50.74.58. Information on the risks to which this property is subject is available at: www.Géorisques.gouv.fr.

Karacterre ®. Nestled within a private and discreet setting in the heart of MONTAIGU, this exceptional 1996 villa offers 483 sqm of refined living space, set within approximately 1.7 hectares of landscaped grounds bordering the river. From the moment you enter, the property impresses with its magnificent proportions and abundant natural light. The dining room and games room, each measuring 63 sqm, are both south-facing and feature beautiful fireplaces with wood-burning inserts, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere. The ground-floor living areas open generously onto a vast 300 sqm terrace, a true extension of the home, overlooking panoramic views of the landscaped grounds. The ground floor has been designed with absolute comfort in mind, offering a spacious separate kitchen, a quiet and dedicated study, as well as a generous master suite, allowing for convenient single-level living. Upstairs, the sleeping quarters comprise seven bedrooms, including two master suites with their own private terraces, as well as three bathrooms in total, providing exceptional accommodation for a family and guests. The true jewel of the property is its magnificent 8 x 14 metre indoor swimming pool, an impressive architectural feature allowing for year-round relaxation. Outside, the beautifully wooded grounds, meticulously maintained, gently slope down towards the river, creating a peaceful, bucolic and entirely private setting. A tennis court provides an additional leisure facility for sports enthusiasts, while a double garage ensures secure parking. Located just a few minutes' walk from Montaigu railway station, the property benefits from regular TER services allowing you to reach Nantes city centre in less than 15 minutes. Its privileged location also places La Roche-sur-Yon approximately 25 minutes away and the Vendée beaches less than an hour away, while the nearby A83 motorwayprovides easy access throughout the region. A truly unique property on the market, presented in an exceptional state of preservation, where every detail reflects an uncompromising commitment to quality. KEY FEATURES: Mains gas central heating, central vacuum system, electric garage door, electric shutters, mechanical ventilation (VMC), wooden-framed windows, roof in perfect condition, compliant mains drainage, electric entrance gate, fibre-optic internet, artesian well, photovoltaic solar panels, property tax approximately €4,000 per year. Karacterre is a real estate agency specialising in authentic and character properties. We operate throughout the Pays de la Loire and Brittany regions, with a presence in ANGERS, CHOLET, SAUMUR, LE MANS, RENNES, SAINT-MALO, NANTES, CHÂTEAU-GONTIER and TOURS. Discover our selection of Manor Houses, Bourgeois Houses, Lofts, Contemporary Homes, Private Mansions, Châteaux, Manors, Charming Longères, Character Apartments, Exceptional Properties, Luxury Properties, Charming Properties and Investment Buildings, directly on the Karacterre Immobilier website. Free property valuation available upon request. A valid form of identification will be required prior to any viewing, in accordance with Article L561-2-2 of the French Monetary and Financial Code. Including fees of 4.5% TTC to be paid by of the purchaser. Price excluding fees 1 089 000 €. Energy class C, Climate class C Estimated amount of annual energy expenditure for standard use: between 4919.00 € and 6657.00 € for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023 (including subscriptions). Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Geohazards website: georisques.gouv.fr. This property is offered to you by a commercial agent (Sole proprietorship).

Space, beautiful amenities, and contemporary style for this south-facing house with family volume, surrounded by a vast, well-maintained landscaped garden with an impeccable swimming pool, near the Nantes golf course. This modern house of nearly 170m² of living space is located within a prestigious private residence, recognized for its privileged environment. The bus to schools is just a few steps away.The architecture of the house affirms the overall identity: sober lines, open volumes, and omnipresent light, with underfloor heating throughout the house. The high-ceilinged living room, complemented by a stove, constitutes a warm and elegant living space, widely opened onto the garden. It is extended by a dining room, a second lounge with a fireplace, and an office space, all offering distinct atmospheres while maintaining a beautiful continuity. The fitted and equipped kitchen is very bright and opens onto the terrace; it could be opened and expanded towards the dining room. The house allows for single-story living thanks to a bedroom on the ground floor with a shower room and storage. A utility room and a garage complete this level. Upstairs, four bedrooms welcome family and guests, as well as an additional room that could serve as an extra child’s bedroom, a playroom, or an office. Finally, an attic provides extra storage space.In terms of features, the house is equipped with a heat pump with underfloor heating on both levels, ensuring energy efficiency and thermal comfort.The large landscaped garden is an obvious asset, where one can stroll as well as host outdoor convivial moments. On a beautiful and large wooded plot, carefully landscaped, the property benefits from a south-facing exposure, offering optimal brightness. The terrace naturally extends the living spaces towards a spacious and private garden, a true green oasis. The heated Vinet brand pool, equipped with a rigid motorized cover, adds significant appeal to this property. Two garden sheds.The environment, both bucolic and residential, is just 5 minutes from the shops of Vigneux-de-Bretagne and Sautron, allowing for a balance between green living and urban accessibility, with a bus just a few steps away to reach schools and amenities leading to the Nantes train station safely. The center of Nantes is 25 minutes by car, and the nearest beaches are about 35 minutes away.An elegant and bright property, with a pronounced contemporary architecture, ideal for buyers seeking a privileged living environment on the outskirts of Nantes, and of course for golf enthusiasts.Agency fees are the responsibility of the buyer. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques site: www.georisques.gouv.fr.For any additional information or to arrange a visit, contact Justine Goret Dutournier, Independent Advisor at L'Atelier Immobilier at 06 12 57 00 29.RSAC Nantes No. 914 094 347Instagram: @justine_latelier_immobilierThis description has been automatically translated from French.