luxury houses for sale Sines, Portugal

House with 5 bedrooms and a good outdoor space with garden, in the charming village of Porto Covo, in the heart of the Alentejo Coast. Of classic architecture, it has all the large areas, including a very spacious living room and an office, as well as a great sun exposure. The house also has an area with an independent entrance, with bedroom, living room and kitchen, and can be used as a guest house. The location is excellent, close to the centre of Porto Covo and the beautiful beaches of the region. Energy Rating: A ref:CAS_1332

Discover an exceptional property of approximately 410 m² on a plot of around 20,828 m², set in an idyllic location in the Santo André / Santiago do Cacém region.This estate stands out for combining luxury living with surrounding nature, ensuring privacy and comfort.The main building features a spacious villa with three bedrooms, generous living areas, and high-standard finishes. Additionally, it includes two independent studios perfect for guests, short-term rental, or extra income and a secondary house with three suites, ideal for family, visitors, or even a rural tourism project.Sustainability and energy efficiency were not overlooked: the property is equipped with solar panels that ensure high efficiency, and there is also an approved project for the construction of a reservoir and a lake, enhancing both the landscape and potential land use. The outdoor area includes cork oaks, mature pine trees, and enchanting views over the Alentejo plains.Just minutes from the natural lagoon of Santo André and about 20 minutes from the beaches of the Alentejo coast known for their coastal charm and authentic cuisine this property represents a rare opportunity. Whether as a high-end residence, tourism investment, or sustainable agricultural venture, it offers a unique lifestyle that combines nature, quality, and elegance. Energy Rating: A+ ref:250023

3-bedroom house in a privileged area of Vila Nova de Santo AndréSet on a 646 m² plot, with a gross construction area of 280.50 m², this two-storey house stands out for its excellent sun exposure, quality construction and high-end fittings.The ground floor comprises an entrance hall, a large living room with a fireplace, a fitted kitchen with a separate dining area separated by a counter, a guest bathroom and a utility room.On the first floor, there is a hallway leading to the bedrooms, two bedrooms, a suite, a bathroom with a whirlpool bath and a large balcony.The patio offers a garage with automatic gate, a carport with barbecue and free space ideal for a swimming pool.The villa is in excellent condition and is located in a quiet area, just a few minutes' walk from essential services, 10 minutes from the beach and Lagoa de Santo André, 15 minutes from Melides and 1h30 from Lisbon Airport.Additional features:Built-in cupboards Storage room South facing Air conditioning.Ideal for permanent residence or holiday home with all the comfort and quality. Energy Rating: C ref:2025047

Magnificent 3 bedroom two-storey villa, located in one of the noblest and quietest areas of Vila Nova de Santo André, ideal for those looking for comfort, privacy and quality of life. With excellent sun exposure, this property stands out for its natural luminosity and the harmony between the indoor and outdoor spaces. On the main floor there is a large and bright living room, perfect for moments of conviviality, a dining room, functional kitchen, two comfortable bedrooms and two bathrooms. The upper floor consists of a large and very well-lit attic, where there is a third bedroom and a versatile living room, ideal for a games room, office or leisure area. Outside, this villa is transformed into a true refuge, with a private pool, lounge area with barbecue, sauna and jacuzzi, perfect for moments of pure relaxation. It also has a garage. Inserted in a quiet residential area, it is very close to schools, services and the village centre, and less than 10 minutes from beaches, offering the perfect balance between tranquillity and proximity to the sea. A house designed to live well, receive friends and create memories. Energy Rating: B- ref:BL122785

Charming 2-bedroom house (with potential to convert into 3 bedrooms) in traditional Alentejo style, located in Porto Covo, FISRT LINE SEA VIEW and just 50 meters from Praia Pequena.The property combines typical Alentejo architecture with high-quality and authentic details, creating a warm, harmonious and character-filled atmosphere.On the ground floor, there is a spacious living room featuring a brick arch, Canadian wood walls, and a ceiling with Italian pine beams, lined with wild cane from the region elements that enhance the rustic charm of the home.A classic brick bookcase with Canadian pine shelves adds a handcrafted and traditional touch to the room.The first floor comprises two bedrooms, both with access to a sea-view balcony, two bathrooms, and, in one of the bedrooms, a private terrace perfect for enjoying wide ocean views and beautiful sunsets.Outside, the lawned garden, surrounded by a natural hedge, provides a peaceful and pleasant environment ideal for relaxing and enjoying the mild Alentejo coast climate.There is also a barbecue area, perfect for outdoor dining and gatherings with family or friends.Additionally, an outdoor area has been enclosed with glass curtains, creating a bright and sheltered space that can be enjoyed year-round while maintaining the connection to the garden and views.A perfect property for a permanent home, holiday retreat, or tourism investment, blending rustic charm, Alentejo authenticity, and stunning sea views.

DO WITH US THE BEST DEALWith magnificent views This Monte Alentejano, is located on the Alentejo coast near the island of Pessegueiro. Here you can reconcile your villa or rural tourism.Composed of, a wonderful terrain, 1 house to recover, 2 wells, water channeled, light, parcel of land of arable culture and attachments.We help with the whole process! Please contact us or leave us your details and we will contact you as soon as possible!ST65296AC Energy Rating: F ref:ST65296AC

Cootage with 5,3 ha. Located in front of pessegueiro island excellent location and with sea view house to recover with 108 sqm network water and 2 water wells electricity 500 meters access on dirty road located 2 km from porto côvo

House with attic

Imagine owning your private retreat in the Alentejo, just 4 minutes from the historic town of Santiago do Cacém and only 20 minutes from the stunning beaches of the Alentejo coast. A rare setting that combines tranquility, authenticity, and proximity to Portugal’s most sought-after destinations. The PropertyThis charming traditional estate stands out for its authenticity and versatility. It offers two independent houses: Main house (227 m²): 6 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, two living rooms, a spacious terrace, and a traditional Alentejo-style kitchen – blending rustic charm with modern comfort. Independent house (56 m²): ideal for hosting guests, providing family privacy, or generating tourist rental income.The estate also includes a garage, storage areas, and agricultural facilities. The LandGenerous grounds enriched with century-old cork oaks and a variety of fruit trees, offering a natural and inspiring environment. The property benefits from mains water, a borehole, and a well, ensuring autonomy and flexibility – a rare and valuable asset. Investment PotentialThis property is not only a perfect retreat for those seeking quality of life in Portugal but also an excellent tourism investment opportunity. The independent house makes it ideal for short or long-term rentals, creating consistent income while enjoying the beauty of the Alentejo. Strategic Location4 minutes from Santiago do Cacém (services, culture, and shops)20 minutes from the Alentejo coast (paradise beaches & international tourism)Easy access to major cities and airports Why this property?Total exclusivity and privacyAuthentic Alentejo lifestyle with modern comfortStrong potential for appreciation and rental incomeA unique piece of Portugal ready to enjoy A rare opportunity to invest in one of Europe’s most authentic and fast-growing destinations

Single Ground floor house and land - Porto Covo This property is 4km from the region's emblematic and idyllic beaches, in an area where you can breathe tranquility. It consists of a Single Ground floor house, another building that currently serves as support/storage and a plot of land measuring 126,000sqm (12.6ha) with two wells, with water all year round. With panoramic views were you can see the ocean, this could be your next project, permanent home, second home or investment. In rural areas outside the Coastal Zone, without prejudice to the provisions of specific applicable legislation, isolated tourist enterprises are permitted under the following terms: - a) Hotel establishments, guesthouse tourism and rural tourism in the form of rural hotels, agrotourism and country houses 1008sqm; - b) Hotel establishments must be associated with specific themes. or - Own residence of the farm owner-farmer - the maximum construction rate is 0.2% with a maximum of 500sqm; - Constructions to support agricultural or agropastoral and forestry activities - the maximum construction rate is 0.2%; - Tourist enterprise, in the following we have: Agrotourism or country houses (reconstruction, rehabilitation or expansion of existing buildings, legally constituted, in order to ensure their integration with the surroundings): → Maximum construction area - 0.4% of the total building area; → Maximum soil waterproofing area - 0.6% of the total area of the building; → Minimum 6 housing units; → Maximum 1 floor; → Maximum height of the facade - 3.50m or the pre-existing value if greater; - Rural hotel: → Maximum construction area - 0.8% of the total building area; → Maximum soil waterproofing area - 1.0% of the total area of the building. This description is merely informative and should not be considered binding (Description and Photographs). When we hear about Sines, our first thought wanders to the Alentejo coast, where the cliffs along the coast outline the most beautiful Portuguese beaches. Praia da Ilha do Pessegueiro is a true treasure on the Alentejo coast, located opposite the island that gives its name. In addition to its natural beauty, the beach has a rich history, with remains of an old fish salting factory from Roman times. During the summer, it is possible to visit the island by boats that cross the channel used as a safe passage by Romans and Carthaginians. The serenity it presents is a haven of tranquility where the waves rock the soul and where the sun caresses the sand. Porto Covo is a true paradise for beach lovers! Some of the best beaches in Portugal are located here, Praia Grande de Porto Covo, embraced by the Southwest Alentejo Natural Park, Praia dos Buizinhos, shaped like a shell and which disappears before our eyes at high tide, or Praia da Samoqueira, where different shades of blue blend together in a palette of colors. The clear waters reveal a fascinating underwater world, a piece of heaven on earth where unforgettable memories are created, caressed by ocean-scented breezes, where each wave draws verses in the hearts of those who admire them.

Farm in Santiago do Cacém, with a total area of 18.7 hectares, with the rural area occupied mainly by stone pine and cork oak. The residential area is generally made up of 9 distinct areas:- Main villa with an area of about 600 square meters, with 7 suites, one of them being the master suite with about 60 m2, a dining room, a living room, a kitchen with professional equipment, a guest toilet, a clothes room and a large leisure space, with snooker, projector space to accommodate 4 more people, as well as an extensive corridor leading to the bedrooms, living rooms and kitchen.- An independent villa of about 90 m2, with two suites and a living room with kitchenette, accommodating 8 people- A caretaker's house, with about 150 m2, with 4 bedrooms, living room, kitchen and 2 bathrooms- A wooden house of about 50 m2, with two bedrooms, a bathroom and a storage area- A warehouse / garage, with two boxes for horses and an area for breeding, with about 220 m2- An uncovered arena with a wooden fence, located near the stalls- An 'endless' swimming pool with 15X7.5 meters, with a surrounding garden, with a porch with a table for 24 people- An extensive garden area surrounding the main house, the wooden house and the swimming pool, with flowerbeds and automatic irrigation- A pond with 2,300 m2, two water holes and a tank with a capacity of about 30,000 litres.It is located near the village of Vale Verde, in Ventosa de Baixo, 2 km from the city centre of Santiago do Cacém and its commercial area and about 150 km from Lisbon, using the A2 motorway. The beaches of the Costa Vicentina are about 17 km away (São Torpes), and there is a great diversity of beaches at a close distance (Vieirinha, Porto Covo, Areias Brancas, ...). Melides, as well as its well-known beaches, is less than 20 km away, on the national road.Castelhana is a Portuguese real estate agency present in the national market for over 20 years, specialised in the prime residential market and recognised for the launch of some of the most notoriety developments in the national real estate panorama.Founded in 1999, Castelhana provides a comprehensive service in business mediation. We are specialists in investment and the marketing of real estate.In Porto, we are based in Foz Do Douro, one of the noblest places in the city. In Lisbon, in Chiado, one of the most emblematic and traditional areas of the capital and in the Algarve region next to the renowned Vilamoura MarinaWe are waiting for you. We have a team available to give you the best support in your next real estate investment.Contact us! Energy Rating: E ref:28000

Unique Opportunity in the Historic Center of Santiago do CacémTransform the heart of Santiago do Cacém with this exceptional set of buildings, perfect for visionary investors looking to requalify urban spaces with history and potential. Prime locationLocated in the city centre, with access from two emblematic streets Praça do Município and Rua 1º de Dezembro this property offers unparalleled versatility and visibility. Property FeaturesTotal land area: 1,386 m²Town Hall Square (970 m²):-Warehouse-Two-storey building with restaurant on the ground floor and 2 bedroom flat on the ground floor-House T4-T2 with two floors1º de Dezembro Street (416 m²):Three-storey vacant buildingUncovered area of 144 m² Living the AlentejoJust 1h30 from Lisbon, this property is located on the charming Alentejo coast, close to the paradisiacal beaches of the region. A location that combines tranquillity, culture and accessibility. Potential for RequalificationIdeal for:Modern housing projectsTourist developmentsCommercial and cultural spacesMixed solutions that respect urban heritage Invest in the FutureSantiago do Cacém is in full expansion, becoming one of the most promising regions in the Alentejo. This is your opportunity to leave your mark on a project that unites tradition and innovation.MARGARIDA BARROSOReal Estate Consultan---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Unique opportunity for requalification in the heart of Santiago do Cacém.We present an exceptional set of buildings with a total land area of 1,386 m², strategically located in the centre of Santiago do Cacém, perfect for visionary investors focused on transforming and requalifying urban spaces.This unique property provides access through two distinct streets, Praça do Município and Rua 1º de Dezembro, offering unparalleled versatility.In Praça do Município, there is a set of buildings in a land area of 970 m², ideal for a wide range of requalification possibilities.This space consists of a warehouse, a two-storey building with a restaurant on the ground floor and a 2 bedroom flat on the ground floor, as well as a 4 bedroom villa and a 2 bedroom flat with two floors.On Rua 1º de Dezembro, we have a vacant building with three floors. With a total land area of 416 m² and an uncovered area of 144 m².Located on the charming Alentejo coast, just 1h30 from Lisbon and close to the stunning beaches of the region, this set of buildings invites the creation of modern homes or mixed projects that enhance the historical environment of the city.This is the time to invest in the urban growth of one of the most promising regions of the Alentejo. Don't miss the opportunity to turn this property into your next big project. Energy Rating: E ref:25458B-MB

Land located in the Santiago do Cacém urban area near shopping.Due to the growing interest in real estate on the Alentejo coast, this land, with a total land area of ​​6,000 m2 and a gross construction area of ​​13,200 m2, has high profitability potential for mid-range housing.With a multi-family layout, two or three floors, and a ground floor with potential for retail and/or services.It is located fifteen minutes from the Alentejo Coast Hospital, 30 minutes from the beaches of the Alentejo coast, and an hour and a half from Lisbon.

Perfect for developers or investors looking to renovate and modernize, this property offers endless possibilities.Discover the investment opportunity of a lifetime with this stunning residential building for sale in the heart of Santiago do Cacém, Portugal.With a project already approved, this used property offers unparalleled potential for renovation and remodeling, making it ideal for contemporary living in a prime location.This impressive building boasts 39 spacious apartments and covers a total living area of 1,877 square meters.The property is spread over 4 floors and boasts a total construction area of 2,910 square meters, while the plot size covers 1,440 square meters.Enjoy a range of key features, including a serene garden, inviting swimming pool and convenient elevator. The property also guarantees maximum security with a reinforced gate.Its privileged location offers sea views and is easily accessible, being close to public transportation, schools and parks.The building is strategically positioned facing north, south, east and west, providing abundant natural light throughout the day.Add an element of luxury with extensive communal areas that are perfect for community living or organizing events.With ample parking for 40 vehicles, this property is both practical and luxurious, meeting all your residential development needs.Situated in the vibrant center of Santiago do Cacém, Setúbal, this property is not only easily accessible but also just a stone's throw from the beach, making it a coveted location for future residents.Take advantage of this extraordinary opportunity to create a contemporary residential space in a privileged coastal town.

Magnificent Quinta for events with great profitability, in the paradise of the Costa Vicentina.This farm, with 47,650 m2 of land and 750 m2 of floor area, consists of a house, several annexes, an office and an event space. Huge garden with infrastructures to support parties. Private parking, emergency generator, two boreholes for drinking water and water dam for irrigation. The event space consists of an equipped kitchen, several toilets and an event room with capacity for 600 people.Ideal for holding events of various natures in an environment of tranquility and privacy. From baptisms, wedding parties, private or company parties.Exceptional annual profitability with the agenda almost full for the year 2024.This farm has an enormous economic potential, it has the possibility of expanding and being built for hotel purposes up to 6000 m2 in total. For more information contact me.ref: 116508

A unique property in the heart of the Alentejo, where the tranquility of nature meets modern comfort and self-sustainability. An immersive setting of great quality. Inserted in an area of great prestige.The housing complex offers versatility, privacy and high residential or tourist potential.The Estate is composed of: Main house (T3) with 2 bathrooms spacious, bright and welcoming, with luxury finishes favoring comfort. Fireplace with stove in the living room. Master suite with walk-in closet. Two independent studios (T0) fully autonomous, perfect for local accommodation, guests or additional income. Annex with three suites ideal for family, friends or support for a tourism project.Air conditioning in all rooms, double glazing and electric shutters.The pool offers a perfect environment to enjoy the climate of the region, providing moments of leisure, relaxation and privacy. It is a space that raises the quality of life and adds value to the property.Covered parking for 6 cars.Committed to sustainability, the property is equipped with 48 solar panels, ensuring energy autonomy. The existence of pine and cork oaks on the property stands out (guaranteed income every 7 years). The property has nature trails perfect for exploring on foot or by bicycle, in an environment marked by Alentejo tranquility.The location is truly privileged: Santo André Lagoon - a few minutes walk or bike ride away. It is the largest lagoon on the Alentejo coast, integrated in the Natural Reserve of the Lagoons of Santo André and Sancha, a protected area. It is a space of enormous ecological, landscape and cultural value, where tranquility and biodiversity meet harmoniously. Melides - a 10 minute drive. It is known for its lagoon, wild beaches, tranquil atmosphere and a lifestyle that combines Alentejo simplicity with a contemporary charm that has attracted visitors and investors from all over the world. Porto Covo - 20 minutes by car. It is a charming fishing village on the Alentejo Coast, known for its white houses, quiet streets and an atmosphere that mixes authenticity, nature and a certain coastal romanticism. It is a destination that preserves its traditional charm. The exceptional local cuisine stands out. Comporta - 35 minutes by car. It is a discreet paradise, where nature dominates and the pace slows down. A region that combines immense and unspoiled beaches, rice paddies, pine forests, dunes, and an atmosphere that mixes simplicity with a very unique hippie-chic touch. Inserted in a region where the demand for quality properties has registered a consistent growth especially among those who value privacy, natural environment and coastal proximity this property is an opportunity of high interest. Suitable for residential, tourist or agricultural use, it has a balanced set of attributes that combine location, value and potential for appreciation.

A 50-hectare estate with breathtaking views from Sines to Vila Nova de Milfontes, passing through Porto de Côvo and Ilha do Pessegueiro.Here, where silence reigns, where nature captivates our senses and leads us across the endless plains to the sea.Today, the greatest privilege is privacy, security, and natural beauty; here you will find all this and much more.An excellent investment, an investment with a present and a future, with eyes set on the technological development of the Sines area, where colossal investments are expected, some already underway, where temporary or permanent accommodation is a local and regional priority.The tourism potential is enormous, as revealed by the figures provided by the Odemira City Council.For those seeking a unique retreat in a unique location, here is your opportunity.The Amândio Restaurant is an oasis for diners! Simply fantastic!!!The beaches of São Torpes, Porto de Côvo, Ilha do Pessegueiro, Malhão beach, all the way to the beautiful town of Vila Nova de Milfontes (which is anything but new and retains only a few aspects of Milfontes).In response to a request for information, the Odemira City Council informs that: For the farmer's own permanent residence, they may build up to a maximum of 500m2; for agricultural support, they may build up to a gross index of 0.002 of the total area, which corresponds to 9975m2. Use for tourism purposes in its various forms allows a maximum gross index of 0.04, which amounts to an area of ​​19990 m2 with a maximum capacity of 200 beds.

About 140 km from Lisbon, it is located on the Alentejo coast, Municipality of Santiago do Cacém, parish of Vale das Éguas, a property with about 8.5 hectares, with direct access to a municipal road tarmac.The entire property is fenced and with construction of root infrastructures, built in 2012, featuring car parks, gardens, bars, heated pools, terraces, leisure areas, fitness circuit, court de Padel with night lighting. A villa with 280m2 with 3 bedrooms, one of them suite, garage and storage. A country house with 110m2, inserted in an individual plot with 1.5ha, with 2 bedrooms, terrace and equipped kitchen. Hotel of 4*, consisting of 3 buildings, being one of the buildings dedicated to services, with reception, bar, office, dining room and industrial kitchen. A second building with 5 double bedrooms with private bathroom. And a third building with 5 more double bedrooms with private bathroom. The Hotel de 4* is fully equipped and furnished.There is also a house of the homemade wooden construction, with 33m2, 2 bedrooms, a bathroom, a kitchen and living room.It is a sustainable homewood, having 5 biological fossas and 1micro ETAR, solar panels for heating sanitary water, photovoltaic panels of energy production. The gardens and lawns area is equipped with an automatic irrigation system.The forestry consists of wetland areas, pine forest areas and orchards of fruit trees, lawn, gardens and vegetable gardens.According to the normative of the current PROTALI, the construction area may reach 22,000m2, as well as the detaching of plots of land. The entire enterprise is adapted to people with disabled mobility.Come and meet and feel this amazing property. Energy Rating: A ref:PT03Q-0042

Do you aspire to a life away from major urban centers, yet without giving up comfort and a strong financial return?Do you recognize yourself has being ahead of the curve?Do not miss this opportunity that offers both a lifestyle and an exceptionally profitable business in a serene and picturesque region of the Alentejo Coast, an area in full expansion.This property is designed for those who seek opportunities that arise very rarely: a 10-room boutique hotel, a 3-bedroom villa and two guest houses all fully furnished and offered together at a price truly set to sell.Because this property is for those who wish simply to live in a grand setting while managing their own boutique hotel.It is the essence of a pure lifestyle, combined with an income that makes this estate even more comfortable or the possibility of maximizing each building as a full rental project to optimize returns.Here, every possibility is open. Because this estate is for those who recognize a great opportunity when it appears.You only need to visit and everything will become clear immediately. This extraordinary 8.3-hectare 'coup de cœur' estate is located in the serene and picturesque region of the Alentejo Coast.More precisely in Vale das Éguas, Santiago do Cacém, it combines timeless elegance, modern sustainability and unmatched accessibility.Surrounded by the magnificent landscapes of the Alentejo, the estate benefits from a strategic position near some of the most exclusive and sought-after destinations in Portugal:Close to Melides, the new epicentre of ultra-luxury villas and exclusive developments, it's also just 20 minutes from Sines, a rapidly expanding hub with high-level infrastructure and innovation.Furthermore, the glamorous beaches of Comporta and the vibrant coastal village of Porto Covo are within fair distance, offering world-class gastronomy, pristine beaches and a sophisticated lifestyle.While it is close enough to dynamic centers of culture, luxury and social life, it remains at the same time a true haven of tranquility.Here, you can effortlessly alternate between vibrant cosmopolitan living and social gatherings, and the serene embrace of nature and the comfort of a family retreat.It is a lifestyle where the best of both worlds connection and serenity is always within reach.The Main Residence consists of a luxurious 3-bedroom villa with spacious living areas, a large suite with two walk-in closets, a mezzanine, a fully equipped kitchen and a large garage. The owner chose to use it for it's personal needs, since he wanted to actively manage the 4 stars boutique hotel. The T2 country house, a Guest House for friends and family, can equally serve as a main residence or be rented out to generate excellent income. A private 2-bedroom open-space retreat, surrounded by untouched landscapes. When I visited the estate, the owner looked at me and said: 'when I need to take a moment for myself, this is where I like to be'. The estate also includes a 4-Star Boutique Hotel.Fully operational all year round, it offers elegant en-suite rooms, a reception area, dining facilities and panoramic terraces with seating for more than 50 guests.Finally, the Caretakers' T2 House, compact and functional in open space, can accommodate on-site staff or be rented out.The estate is fully fenced, with magnificent landscaped gardens, heated swimming pools and leisure areas that include a lighted padel court.Designed with ecological awareness, the estate features advanced water-management systems, biological septic tanks, a mini wastewater-treatment station and automated irrigation systems for the gardens and lush green areas.It is also sold equipped with solar and photovoltaic panels, reflecting a strong vision for energy efficiency.With up to 22,000 m² of additional construction permitted under PROTALI regulations, this estate offers unlimited expansion opportunities, whether for private or commercial use.The possibility of subdividing the land into smaller plots further increases its appeal as an investment.Whether envisioned as a luxurious private residence, an exclusive boutique retreat or a high-end hospitality project, this estate offers unparalleled versatility and genuine opportunity.Its privileged location, modern infrastructures and refined design make this property an absolutely unique offering on the Alentejo Coast.Would you rather be the person who makes this intelligent acquisition or the person who regrets not having taken the decision while it was still possible?Contact us today to schedule your private visit and discover the grandeur of this extraordinary property.Revenues to be discussed. Energy Rating: A ref:M0452.MS.LX