luxury houses with terrace for sale Loire-Atlantique, France (page 3)

Nantes ? MELLINET : A deux pas des écoles, des commerces, du Marché de Zola, des transports et de toutes commodités, superbe hôtel particulier de caractère sur splendide parcelle arborée exposée sud-ouest sans vis-à-vis. Ce bien alliant le charme de l'ancien et l'élégance est doté de magnifiques volumes. Ce bien d'exception et de prestige se compose de : entrée, triple réception, 9 chambres, 3 salles d'eau, 2 WC. Un ascenseur, une cave et un garage complètent ce bien. (4.00 % fees incl. VAT at the buyer's expense.)

Pornic House - Bretagne Sud Sotheby's International Realty is pleased to present this magnificent fully renovated house, located in close proximity to the coast.Benefiting from a southwest exposure, this character property offers approximately 300 m² of living space, including 8 bedrooms, and exudes an authentic and timeless charm.The enclosed and landscaped grounds include a well, a triple garage of 69 m², as well as parking spaces. Ideally located, this house is just 10 minutes from the train station and downtown, and 30 minutes from Nantes Atlantique Airport.Contact Carole BASSEVILLE at 06 73 21 20 85.RSAC Saint-Nazaire 329 357 172ADC: 2903 2021 000 000 156Bretagne Sud Sotheby's International Realty, your prestigious real estate agency.This description has been automatically translated from French.

NEW & EXCLUSIVE TO COLDWELL BANKER FRANKLIN IMMOBILIER Nestled in a true haven, in the highly sought-after Gourmalon area, just steps from the most beautiful beaches of the Pornic coastline, this 1970s villa with a vacation vibe has been tastefully renovated and decorated with quality finishes. Hidden from view, in the heart of a tree-filled garden, this single-story villa offers an optimally designed living space of nearly 95 m². The entrance leads to a bright living area connected to the terrace through two large sliding glass doors, effectively doubling the living space during the warmer months and providing its occupants with an exceptional indoor-outdoor living experience. Adjacent to the living room, a functional and inviting kitchen with trendy colors also enjoys direct access to the terrace. On the sleeping side, three garden-view bedrooms share a bathroom. The garden enhances this holiday-like atmosphere with its various relaxation areas. An independent garage completes the property. Noteworthy is its significant potential for seasonal rental due to its prime location. A true gem, this coastal villa offers a unique and rare environment, just steps from the beach—an ideal place to settle in for vacations or year-round living! Additional information and photos available upon request. Sale price: €699,000 (including agency fees of 5% payable by the buyer, net seller price: €666,000). Contact: Catherine RICARD +33 6 29 52 40 44 Email: [email protected]

Exclusive! In the tranquility of its dead end, a detached house comprising on the ground floor: an independent type 3 apartment including: a living room with an open plan fitted kitchen, two bedrooms, a shower room and a toilet; a large west-facing terrace overlooking a garden without vis-à-vis. On the first floor: an entrance, a living-dining room with a southeast-facing terrace, a fitted kitchen, a hallway with a closet, two bedrooms, a shower room and a toilet. A large garage with a sink, storage and workshop. House renovated in 2018, double-glazed windows. Close to the beach, shops, the market and quick access to the old port. DPE: F Price of the property excluding fees: 620,000 EUR Price of the property including agency fees: 649,000 EUR Primary energy consumption: Final energy consumption: Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the website https://www.georisques.gouv.fr/ Ref: 2101SL: fees included to be borne by the buyer: 4.67%. Contact me Sébastien LOLLIER at 06.09.71.77.59 Registered at the RSAC of NANTES under No. 81784549 on behalf of Immo Nantes.This description has been automatically translated from French.

EXCEPTIONAL & Very rare in the area Valérie LEJAY offers you: Atlantic Coast, 18th-century house of 180 m2. Direct view of the salt marshes, a 12-minute walk from the beach and shops, 13 minutes from Guérande.... Price FAI: 766,500 EUR FAI Region: on the Atlantic coast in Quimiac/Mesquer, 15 minutes from Guerande, 20 minutes from La Baule and its train station. In a quiet area, at the end of a road, facing the salt marshes, beach and shops accessible by foot or bike, nice walks to do in the marshes or along the coast... Independent house, two floors of approximately 180 m2, on a 1000 m2 plot. Privileged environment. This bright, characterful residence, made of stone, includes: A beautiful living room, with a recent fitted and equipped kitchen opening onto a terrace and a veranda, a back kitchen, a living room with a large period closed fireplace, 5 bedrooms (including a master suite with dressing and shower room on the ground floor) an office + 1 shower room and 1 bathroom, 3 toilets. On a 1000 m2 plot, well-maintained garden, a true haven of peace. Equipment: Double glazing, recent heat pump, latest 200L hot water tank, recent VMC, connected to the main sewer system. Energy diagnostics D (194 kWh/m2/year) and GES: B (6 Kg CO2/m2/year). Annual estimate between 1750 and 2420 EUR/year, average energy prices indexed on January 1, 2021. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.fr. Ref: 2051VL. Price: 766,500 EUR FAI, including 5% agency fees to be paid by the buyers. Valérie LEJAY - IMMONANTES Agency, phone: 06.12.32.08.46 or by email: [email protected] FREE ESTIMATE. Contact: Valérie LEJAY, registered as a sales agent for IMMONANTES, under the RCA number: 2016AC00202. Atlantic Coast region: Piriac sur Mer, Mesquer, La Baule, Le Pouliguen, Pornichet..... Specialized in: Character properties, prestige properties, exceptional homes, contemporary houses, modern villas, bourgeois houses, master residences, castles, manors, private hotels....This description has been automatically translated from French.

DIVA, a transaction firm specializing in character properties, offers for sale this pretty, completely renovated house of approximately 135m² of living space. Crossing the door, you arrive in the entrance hall equipped with plenty of storage space and communicating with the reception room. An exposed room wall and a double exposure give the place a feeling of warmth and authenticity. Continuing, you will discover a large dining kitchen, fully fitted and equipped, with direct access to the garden and a large wooden terrace, not overlooked. On one level, you will find the master suite with a bathroom. An office with a workshop bay, a small guest bedroom and a WC complete this level. Upstairs, after taking a wooden staircase, you will find two beautiful bedrooms, a bathroom and another toilet. This characterful residence has benefited from a complete renovation, orchestrated by its owner, an artisan carpenter. The house is built on a beautiful plot of 1350 m² not overlooked and which is suitable for a swimming pool. No work needed. An outbuilding completes this set. Only 10' from the beaches in a rural environment without nuisance, this residence can be perfectly suited as a primary or secondary residence. Close to all shops, between Pornic and Challans, 50 minutes from La Roche-sur-Yon and Nantes Contact - Sas Diva 0145140000

EXCLUSIVITY - PRESTIGE ATLANTIQUE. RARE ON THE MARKET. Unobstructed view of the ocean, this contemporary-style villa has a living area of 238 m2. The entrance hall leads to a spacious living area with numerous bay windows, offering a beautiful ceiling height and a premium kitchen, all overlooking its heated pool, enhanced by a spectacular view of the sea. Special attention has been given to its contiguous terrace, equipped with a covered area, a real asset that provides a significant outdoor advantage. The level consists of three bedrooms, one of which serves as a master suite with a private bathroom and closet/dressing room; a bathroom completes the night area. The wonder continues upstairs, with two magnificent bedrooms, a modern bathroom, and a lounge that opens onto a balcony/terrace with breathtaking views. Built on a fully enclosed plot, beautifully landscaped and adorned with trees of 1643 m2, a large garage, a cellar, and a workshop complete this exceptional property. Calm and privileged environment for this villa with refined amenities and generous volumes. Information about the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website http://www.georisques.gouv.fr. Sale price 1,575,000EUR including 5% agency fees payable by the buyer, making a net selling price of 1,500,000EUR Prestige Atlantique (RCS. Saint-Nazaire 897 587 946) 02 40 21 91 13This description has been automatically translated from French.

Come and discover this new house built in 2024, located in a calm and pleasant housing estate, immediately close to the Nantes-Vannes dual carriageway.With a living area of 62 m², this RT2020 house offers modern and high-quality features.The interior consists of a spacious and bright living room of 33 m² with a carefully fitted and equipped kitchen, two bedrooms with spaces planned for wardrobes, a contemporary bathroom, and a separate toilet.A technical room for the heat pump (PAC) and an adjoining motorized garage of 15 m² complete this property. Outside, you will enjoy a 428 m² plot featuring a large terrace, perfect for relaxing and convivial moments.The sanitation is individual. This house is ideal for a first purchase, a family project, or a rental investment. All you have to do is unpack your bags!? Contact us without delay to organize a visit and discover this house with many qualities.You can also benefit from a virtual tour on the Sublimons website by entering the reference 414896. Enjoy your visit!“Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.fr”Fees borne by the seller. Energy class A, Climate class A. Average estimated annual energy expenditure for standard use, based on energy prices from 2024: between €410.00 and €590.00. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: georisques.gouv.fr.Your SUBLIMONS LOIRE-ATLANTIQUE advisor: Axel TIKOURCommercial agent (Sole proprietorship) RSAC 890918030This description has been automatically translated from French.

Located just 400 meters from the Town Hall, this downtown house offers an ideal location, close to shops, bus lines, and the train station.Set on a plot of about 151 m², it has great potential and deserves a facelift to reveal all its charm.On the ground floor, a welcoming entrance, a warm living-dining room with a fireplace, and a fitted kitchen leading onto a terrace await you.On the first floor, two bright bedrooms, a shower room, and a separate toilet make up the sleeping area.On the second floor, two additional bedrooms complete this house full of possibilities.In addition, there are two small outbuildings practical for storage and a garage for rent nearby.This house to renovate will allow you to personalize it according to your desires and needs, while benefiting from a privileged location in the heart of the city.Contact me now to arrange a visit and consider your next move to this neighborhood in Saint-Nazaire, where all shops are in immediate proximity.You can benefit from a virtual visit of this house by going to the Sublimons website. Once on our site, click on the blue SEARCH icon then enter 414918 in the Reference tab... Enjoy your visit.“Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available at the Géorisques site: www.georisques.gouv.fr”Fees are the seller's responsibility. Energy class C, Climate class C Average estimated amount of annual energy expenses for standard use, established based on energy prices from 2022: between 1045.00 and 1414.00 euros. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available at the Géorisques site: georisques.gouv.fr.Your SUBLIMONS LOIRE-ATLANTIQUE advisor: Axel TIKOUR Commercial agent (Individual business) RSAC 890918030This description has been automatically translated from French.

La Baule Quartier Benoit - 400 meters from Plage Benoît and Port du Pouliguen, renovated villa of approx. 200m2, on a plot of over 450m2. Entrance gallery, lounge, living room opening onto south-facing terrace, fitted and equipped kitchen, 1 master bedroom suite. First floor: 2 bedrooms and 1 shower room. A further floor offers the possibility of creating a totally independent house: beautiful living room with open-plan fitted and equipped kitchen opening onto terrace, 2 bedrooms, each with 1 shower room. Outbuilding in the garden. Large terraces and landscaped enclosed garden facing south.

Nantes - Traditional House of 142 m²In the Eraudière area, this charming traditional house from 1992 has been updated and consists of an entrance, an independent toilet, a dining room with access to a 38 m² terrace, a living room, a furnished and equipped kitchen with also terrace access and its enclosed garden, a back kitchen/laundry room, and a double garage. On the first floor, there are 4 spacious bedrooms (floor area of 14.90 m², 17.95 m², 18.10 m², and 15.45 m²), an independent toilet, a bathroom, and a shower room. A wood stove and individual gas heating ensure a comfortable living temperature.Located on the edge of a wood, just 200 m from the Erdre and its walking paths, this house, which has no overlooking neighbors, remains close to shops (Intermarché 800m away), schools, and transportation (bus 23 and C6 within a 5-minute walk).If you are interested in this house, a visit is essential. For more information and to assist you in your project, contact Gaëtan COILIER EI at 06.26.47.73.49 or by email at: [email protected], Net Seller Price 620,000€, FAI Price 639,000€ (fees charged to the buyers). Energy display information for this property: DPE: C (134), GES: C(21). Univers City Immo: The real estate you've been dreaming of! This real estate announcement has been drafted under the editorial responsibility of Gaëtan COILIER EI, independent real estate agent (without fund holding), commercial agent of SAS FXGimmo registered with the Nantes RSAC under number 877859272, RCP Allianz no. 60829771. The professional guarantees and secures your real estate project. Find all our properties on our website: www.univers-city-immo.fr. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques site: www.georisques.gouv.frFees included of 3.06% charged to the buyer. Price excluding fees 620,000€. Energy class C, Climate class C Average estimated annual energy expenditure for standard use, based on 2021 energy prices: between 960.00 and 1,200.00€. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques site: georisques.gouv.fr.Your Univers City Immo advisor: Gaëtan COILIER Commercial agent (Individual company) RSAC 877859272This description has been automatically translated from French.

New, Exclusive, quiet, 15 minutes from Nantes and 30 minutes from the city center, in the second crown of Nantes, very beautiful character villa of approximately 230 m² featuring a renovation and quality materials on a plot of about 2 hectares. Spacious entrance hall with a beautiful staircase, large fitted kitchen open to the dining room, large bright living room with marble fireplace, pantry, winter lounge, 2 bedrooms, WC, bathroom; on the upper floor 4 bedrooms, bathroom, WC. Garage and cellar, carport, tennis court (to be renovated), outbuilding, swimming pool and pool house, chalet, greenhouse, well, beautiful landscaped garden and large meadow. Train station and shops nearby. Gas heating.This description has been automatically translated from French.

Discover this magnificent house located in a sought-after neighborhood of La Baule, combining tranquility and proximity to amenities, just a short walk from the beach.On the ground floor, you will be charmed by a spacious living room flooded with light, enhanced by a cozy fireplace with insert, ideal for convivial moments with family or friends. The fully equipped and fitted kitchen will delight cooking enthusiasts.Upstairs, four generous bedrooms await you, offering an ideal space for the whole family. You will also find a bathroom, a separate toilet, and a shower room, as well as a workshop corner for your creative projects.Outside, the intimate garden with exotic plants and the terrace will provide you with a perfect relaxation space to enjoy beautiful sunny days. An adjoining garage completes this exceptional property.Don't miss the opportunity to live in this beautiful house where comfort and amenities meet, a true favorite in prospect!Fees included of 5.5% to be borne by the buyer. Price excluding fees: 900,000 €. Energy class E, Climate class F. Estimated average annual energy expenses for standard use, established based on 2024 energy prices: 1808.00 €. Date of the energy performance diagnosis (DPE): 09-05-2018. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: georisques.gouv.fr.This description has been automatically translated from French.

Our charming capital of the Nantes vineyard, Clisson, with its historic buildings, continues to amaze us. Nestled in the alleys of the city center, this family property offers generous spaces and exceptional living comfort. Hidden from view, this bourgeois-style residence of approximately 257m2 of living space, benefits from a calm environment just a few steps from all amenities. Behind its stone walls, an intimate courtyard colored with pretty plantations welcomes you, guiding you towards the entrance of the house. The door opens, revealing a spacious hall that instantly envelops you in a warm atmosphere. On one side, a vast living room bathed in light is offered to you. With its high ceilings, its original parquet flooring, its elegant moldings and exposed beams, this space exudes conviviality and relaxation. On the other side, the dining room, full of authenticity, naturally extends towards a fully equipped and functional kitchen, perfect for large meals, with direct access to the Granite terrace. The latter, bordered by an openwork guardrail of hollow tiles, evokes the typical architectural charm of Clisson. This place is ideal for enjoying a morning coffee, bathed in the first rays of the sun. The ground floor is completed by a back kitchen, a practical laundry room, a separate toilet, and a storage room with independent access and stairs leading upstairs, offering all the comfort necessary for everyday life. Upstairs, a period staircase, with an impressive ceiling height, leads to the sleeping area. On one side, a bathroom designed for comfort, with bathtub and shower, as well as a spacious master bedroom with a dressing room. On the other side of the landing, a long corridor leads to three bedrooms with original parquet flooring, one of which has a private shower room and a marble fireplace. At the end of the corridor, adjoining the staircase leading to the ground floor storage room, a room, currently used for storage, could easily be transformed into a fifth bedroom, a shower room or an office. The vast garden with trees, a true haven of peace, quickly makes you forget the hustle and bustle of the city and hides a surprise: a delightful stone outbuilding, decorated with its Genoese and windows framed in bricks. Full of character, this outbuilding houses a room with a beaten earth floor and an attic, offering additional space with a thousand possibilities. This garden has two parking spaces under a carport, and can accommodate several additional vehicles. In addition, a cellar, ideal for wine lovers and a boiler room (city gas boiler, cast iron radiators). Possible guest room project. This characterful residence, a true witness to a bygone era, lends itself to a peaceful life in the heart of Clisson, where each stone seems to whisper stories of yesteryear, in a setting where everything is within reach. To discover this property, contact: Marjorie Fioleau (EI) on 06 22 59 76 32 [email protected] Sales Agent RSAC 901 088 591 NANTES ENERGY CLASS: D / CLIMATE CLASS: D. Estimated amount of annual energy expenditure for standard use between EUR4,980 and EUR6,780 indexed to the years 2021, 2022 and 2023 (subscription included). Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.fr

Exclusivity and preview - Espaces Atypiques Located in the heart of the Nantes vineyards, in the commune of Landreau, this former renovated stable offers a surface area of 243m2 on two levels. At the front of the house, a beautiful paved and landscaped courtyard allows parking for several vehicles. From the entrance hall, the charm works. The old terracotta floor, softened by time, immediately sets the tone. The spacious and bright living room is enhanced with exposed beams, recalling the history of the place. The large bay windows offer a clear view and direct access to the outdoor spaces. In the center, a granite fireplace warms both the living room and the open kitchen, creating a friendly and welcoming atmosphere. The three bedrooms on the ground floor offer real private spaces and great comfort. Two of them have their own bathroom, transforming them into independent suites, ideal for hosting family and friends. A laundry room completes this level. The steel staircase leads upstairs, where a fourth bedroom is located, along with a dressing room and a shower room with WC. A mezzanine office overlooks the second living room. The latter, benefiting from a dining area and a TV corner on parquet flooring, benefits from a high ceiling, full-height bay windows and independent access to the outside. Versatile, it can be used as a cozy TV corner, offices for a professional project or rental. In the attic, an attic games room becomes the ideal playground for children or a leisure area for older children, depending on your wishes. On the garden side, various spaces have been fitted out to enjoy the sun at any time. A swimming pool area invites you to relax, while a dining area offers a pleasant setting for outdoor meals. A large terrace, with an integrated spa, ensures comfort of choice, and lawn areas are perfect for children to play. Finally, the two outbuildings offer storage or parking spaces for a car. One of them hides a cellar, ideal for storing a collection of wines from the famous vineyards of Landreau, a wine region renowned for its muscadets. Air/water heat pump, underfloor heating and school transport nearby. Le Landreau, located 25km from Nantes, offers a peaceful living environment while remaining close to urban amenities. Its rolling landscapes, its vineyards as far as the eye can see, its hiking trails and its wine estates make it a popular destination for lovers of nature and good wine. To discover this property, contact: Marjorie Fioleau (EI) on 06 22 59 76 32 [email protected] Sales Agent RSAC 901 088 591 NANTES ENERGY CLASS: C / CLIMATE CLASS: A Estimated amount of annual energy expenditure for standard use between EUR2,330 and EUR3,200 indexed to the years 2021, 2022 and 2023 (subscription included). Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.fr

Located in the Longchamp neighborhood just steps from the Boulevard des Américains, this bright house offers exceptional living space of approximately 190 m², ensuring optimal comfort for the whole family.This beautiful 2019 house features a contemporary and elegant interior composed of: On the ground floor: an entrance with a closet, a sober fitted and equipped kitchen open to a spacious living area bathed in natural light, providing a friendly and welcoming space, and a toilet. On the first floor: a spacious master suite with a large dressing room, shower room and toilet, laundry, and a toilet. On the second floor: three bedrooms with closets, a reading area, a bathroom, and a toilet. Outside, there is a large terrace ideally exposed and a lovely quiet garden without vis-à-vis. A garage and an attic complete the already numerous assets of this heartthrob house. Its quiet location in a sought-after neighborhood, close to amenities, transportation including tram services, and schools, makes it a unique opportunity for a quality life in Nantes.Price excluding fees: 850,000 euros. Fees: 4.5% borne by the buyer. (4.50% inclusive of VAT fees borne by the buyer.)This description has been automatically translated from French.

Ideally located house near the village and the beach, accessible on foot. It offers pleasant volumes and functional organization, with 4 bedrooms, including 2 on the ground floor, ideal for families or those preferring single-level living.The main asset of this house lies in its two garages, one of which, with an area of 39 m², is tiled and equipped with a shower, perfect for returning from the beach. This detail provides both comfort and practicality. Contact Carole Basseville at 06 73 21 20 85 now to arrange a visit and discover everything this property has to offer. RSAC Saint-Nazaire 329 357 172 - ADC: 2903 2021 000 000 156 Bretagne Sud Sotheby's International Realty, your luxury real estate agency. Information on the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.frThis description has been automatically translated from French.

Discover this luxury villa facing the sea by Bretagne Sud Sotheby's International Realty, offering spectacular views of the ocean. Set in a privileged location, this 350 m² property over two levels combines comfort and elegance for a prestigious seaside life.The villa includes a spacious living area with a lounge, dining room, and kitchen, flooded with natural light thanks to large bay windows opening onto panoramic terraces. A rooftop terrace overlooks a 4x15 m pool and a landscaped garden with Mediterranean plants.It features two suites with private shower rooms and an exceptional master room with a luxurious bathroom, dressing room, and private terrace. The lower level houses two more suites, a thalasso space with a steam room, jacuzzi, and solarium, as well as a glass wine cellar made of solid oak.The property, enclosed and surrounded by greenery, extends over 1304 m², including 130 m² of garages, a carport, and an outbuilding for optimal functionality. This villa combines high-end details, generous spaces, and amenities worthy of a luxury hotel, in an exceptional seaside setting. Close to the center and 45 minutes from Nantes Atlantique airport, it offers a unique and prestigious living environment. Contact Carole Basseville at 06 73 21 20 85 now to arrange a visit and discover all that this property has to offer. RSAC Saint-Nazaire 329 357 172 - ADC: 2903 2021 000 000 156 Bretagne Sud Sotheby's International Realty, your prestigious real estate agency. Information about the risks to which this property is exposed is available on the Géorisques website: www.georisques.gouv.frThis description has been automatically translated from French.

Your Bretagne Sud Sotheby's International Realty agency is pleased to present this magnificent property, nestled in the heart of a closed and wooded park of 1936 m², offering an unobstructed view of the ocean. Ideally located in a sought-after area near the city center, the train station, the port, and the beaches, this residence will enchant you with its space, tranquility, and charm, benefiting from an ideal southwest exposure to enjoy sunny days.The main house, approximately 165 m², is adorned with parquet floors, period fireplaces, and a majestic staircase overlooking the ocean, offering a spacious and comfortable living area. A 62 m² caretaker's house and a garage complete this property, adding a touch of practicality to this exceptional residence.This description has been automatically translated from French.

Discover an exceptional property in Guérande, nestled in a wooded park of 2.1 hectares, just 5 minutes from the city center and the coast. If you are looking for space, tranquility, and an exceptional living environment, then this property will not leave you indifferent. With a South/West exposure, a tennis court, and a water body, it offers an ideal environment for relaxation and outdoor leisure.The main house, with an area of approximately 283 m², also features usable attic space on a concrete slab, perfect for your future projects. On the ground floor, you will find an entrance, a separate kitchen, a spacious and bright living area enhanced by a fireplace for cozy evenings, an office, a toilet, a bathroom, and four bedrooms, all opening to the outside.To complement this property, garages and outbuildings provide convenient storage space for your equipment. The land also offers the possibility of installing a swimming pool to fully enjoy the sunny days.The advantages of this property are undeniable: tranquility, space, sunshine, proximity to the city center and all amenities, just 8 minutes from La Baule TGV station, 5 minutes from Guérande, and 1 hour from Nantes Atlantique airport.This description has been automatically translated from French.