luxury houses for sale Radda in Chianti, Italy

Stone farmhouse with pool and panoramic view - Castellina in Chianti.In the heart of Tuscany, we offer for sale a characteristic stone farmhouse nestled in one of the world's most iconic landscapes of rolling hills, neat vineyards and centuries-old olive groves.The property, completely independent and divided into several apartments, currently hosts a well-established family-run accommodation business. The building is developed around a charming inner courtyard and enjoys a privileged, panoramic and easily accessible location.On the ground floor are large cellar and storage rooms, some with heights up to three meters and characteristic brick arches. A part of these rooms has already been renovated to accommodate a reception, an office and a small shop (bottega) dedicated to guests. The remaining spaces offer excellent potential for recovery, either to support the accommodation business (e.g. for a restaurant, a spa) or for technical uses.In front of the house opens a beautiful panoramic terrace, ideal for welcoming guests in moments of relaxation or conviviality, especially at sunset. The property is embellished by a beautiful swimming pool with open views of the Chianti countryside, perfectly integrated in the natural context and among the distinctive elements of the activity.The complex includes about 3 hectares of land, part of which is planted with vineyards, as well as more than 300 olive trees in production. There are also several varieties of fruit trees and a natural spring.The apartments are cozy, with warm and authentic finishes, and offer enchanting views: from the windows you can admire a landscape that seems painted, a real living picture.An authentic place full of charm, perfect both as a private residence and to successfully continue a tourist business. The location is strategic: Greve in Chianti can be reached in 20 minutes by car, while Florence and Siena are less than 40 minutes away.The address given is purely indicative.

In the heart of the Chianti wine region, a magnificent and classic 19th-century Florentine villa, built on the ruins of an ancient medieval fortress. Today, a prestigious hotel that is charming and authentically Tuscan, having preserved the family spirit of the romantic villa.The ground floor of the main villa houses spacious and elegant living areas used as comfortable lounges, a restaurant, and a conference room. Spread over 3 levels, it offers 17 rooms, all equipped with private bathrooms and splendid views of the garden and vineyards, each with its own distinct and personal touch. The rooms on the ground floor are furnished with antique furniture and decorated with high ceilings. Those on the garden and pool levels benefit from independent outdoor access and a more tranquil atmosphere.This description has been automatically translated from French.

Splendid typical Tuscan stone hamlet of 1200 sq.m. dating back to the 17th century and expertly restored with 9000 sq.m. of land between olive grove and pine forest in addition to outbuilding and swimming pool immersed in the heart of Chianti Classico among the charming vineyard hills of Castellina in Chianti. Description The charming Tuscan hamlet dating back to the 16th century still bears the coat of arms of the astronomer Galileo Galilei, who stayed for years within these ancient walls and the surrounding rolling hills and thus found inspiration and rest. The completely stone property of no less than 1,200 square meters of total internal surfaces was renovated in 2010 and has kept intact the original architectural features. It consists of 9 luxurious apartments completely independent with dedicated outdoor area and obtained from a meticulous restoration work in addition to the pool annex, currently a stone cottage hosting two rooms in addition to services and finally the cellar with stone vaulted ceilings dating back to the 17th century. Outdoor Spaces The property is set in its private grounds of 9000 square meters between olive grove and pine forest, green lawn and panoramic terraces, enhanced by the splendid private pool with its equipped solarium area. The views are of the magnificent and panoramic landscape, drawn by the soft lines of the rolling Tuscan hills, whose beauty and fertility are due to the perfect harmony in which agriculture, nature and culture coexist. The outdoor space surrounding the property is perfectly maintained and allows guests to relax in contact with nature and enjoy the open view of one of the most beautiful and prestigious landscapes of Tuscany. The hamlet is surrounded by the splendid Chianti Classico vineyards. Condition and finishes The property was meticulously restored in 2010 under the banner of conservative restoration while respecting the architecture, preserving its ancient charm and original period features. The characteristic taste of these places has been maintained inside the apartments, characterized by a warm welcoming atmosphere, every detail studied and made with care, the interior finishes and furnishings chosen respecting the typical Tuscan rustic style, with wrought iron beds, antiqued wood closets, antique terracotta floors, chestnut wood doors, all accompanied by every comfort and modern facility. Potential uses Ideal place for those who want to live or spend their vacations in full relaxation in the most prestigious area of Tuscany, but also perfect to continue the high-level accommodation business already perfectly started by the current owners. Location The borgo is located in the heart of the Chianti Classico territory, in this land of exceptional wines, located a short distance from the most famous and characteristic villages such as Panzano and Castellina in Chianti, Radda in Chianti, Gaiole and Greve in Chianti. Surrounded by fascinating countryside designed by vineyards, olive groves, ancient castles to visit and picturesque medieval villages rich in history.

Located in the heart of Chianti, just a few kilometers from the village of Panzano, this charming detached villa of approximately 350 m² represents a unique opportunity for those seeking a modern residence in one of Italy's most desirable regions. Built in 1975, the villa is on two levels, with a living area of about 422 sqm, divided into two units, of which the main one offers generous spaces for living and entertaining.The entire property consists, in addition to the buildings described above, of a vast plot of land surrounding the house totaling 25,000 sq m destined in part to vineyards, registered in the Chianti Classico D O C G ..(of about 12,500 sq m and inpart to olive grove (of about sq m 2 500 in addition to an area belonging to the house (of about sq m 10 000).Currently, the villa is presented without furniture and is divided into two units. The main unit opens onto a large living room with double-height fireplace, which overlooks the large terrace of about 100 sqm overlooking one of the most beautiful views of Chianti. The villa includes 4 large bedrooms, while the annex adds 2 more rooms, making it ideal for guests or independent accommodation.The property is in good condition and habitable, with a total of 12 rooms and 4 bathrooms well furnished with the fireplace in the great room adding a touch of warmth and charm to the atmosphere of the house.One of the highlights of this villa is undoubtedly the large terrace, facing south and west, from which there is a splendid view of that part of Chianti called the Conca D'Oro. You can admire breathtaking views of the vineyards and the surrounding countryside, perfect for enjoying unforgettable sunsets. In addition, the property has a large industrial cellar of about 200 square meters, ideal for wine enthusiasts or those who need additional storage space.The property needs modernization work, but has never been lived in by the owners.This villa is an absolute rarity in the real estate market and represents the perfect fusion of comfort and the relaxed lifestyle typical of Chianti. Perfect for large families or for those who wish to host friends and family in an environment of charm and sophistication. Don't miss the opportunity to own a piece of Tuscan paradise.

Ancient 15th Century Village in Castellina in Chianti: Historic Charm in the Heart of Tuscany Description Along the ancient Roman road between Siena and Florence, just 2 km from the renowned village of Castellina in Chianti, this magnificent property from the late 1400s stands. For over five hundred years, this place has hosted pilgrims and farmers, attracted by an ideal microclimate and precious natural springs. Today, the former farmhouse is a private village of rare elegance, part of a thirty-hectare estate. The structure in exposed stone, enriched by terracotta tiles and imposing arches, creates a unique architectural movement that preserves the authentic soul of Chianti Classico. The main farmhouse, approximately 660 sqm, is divided into five independent units. The ground floor hosts a reception, a tavern with a wood-fired oven, laundry, and evocative storerooms with vaulted ceilings. There is also a three-room apartment with a loggia and a studio apartment. The first floor features interconnected units that can form a single prestigious main residence with four bedrooms and a solarium terrace, plus an additional independent studio with a fireplace. The separate cottage of 112 sqm, a former barn over two levels, offers a living room with fireplace and two bedrooms, overlooking a splendid paved terrace. External Spaces The property is surrounded by a manicured park with lawns, centuries-old trees, Mediterranean plants, and an olive grove, set on a land of 10 hectares. In a secluded position is the swimming pool, 11x5.5 meters, made of natural stone with a sunbathing area. Multiple convivial spaces include a stone courtyard of 30 sqm, covered loggias, and a 60 sqm terrace with a pergola in front of the cottage. A second annex of 31 sqm is dedicated to hobbies and outdoor dinners with park views. Condition and Finishes Restored between 1999 and 2003, the complex highlights noble Tuscan materials: exposed stone, original terracotta, wooden beams, and brick vaults. The systems are modern, with LPG heating and Wi-Fi. Water supply is guaranteed by the municipal aqueduct, with the possibility to restore a private well to utilize underground natural springs. Potential Uses The property represents an excellent investment thanks to an established international hospitality business. Its versatile structure makes it ideal both as a boutique charm hotel and as a luxurious private residence. The ground-floor spaces offer potential for residential expansions or the creation of a spa. Location Strategically positioned, the estate is 2 km from the services in Castellina in Chianti. In about half an hour, Siena, Florence, and San Gimignano are reachable. Florence Airport (48 km) and Pisa Airport (98 km) ensure quick connections for owners and international guests.

GREVE IN CHIANTI – Just minutes from the renowned square and the historic Vignamaggio EstateFully independent villa, beautifully renovated and immersed in the lush greenery of the Tuscan hills.A charming retreat where elegance and nature meet in perfect harmony.Inside: 3 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, a spacious living room with fireplace, and a kitchen with dining area.Every space has been designed to welcome with warmth and refined style.Outside: A panoramic terrace offers postcard-worthy views over the surrounding hills, while the private garden and 2,700 sqm of land — including an organic vegetable garden and around 100 olive trees — complete the authentic experience of Tuscan living.A saltwater panoramic pool invites you to relax, alongside a barbecue area ideal for joyful gatherings.A 30 sqm space under the terrace, usable as a garage or extra storage, adds further versatility.Solar panels ensure energy efficiency and a sustainable footprint.Sold fully furnished and ready to move in.A Home that enchants, where every detail tells the magical story of Tuscan life.

Charming detached house in the heart of Chianti hills, with panoramic views and private garden Description Located in the municipality of Greve in Chianti, immersed in the unique and evocative landscape of the Tuscan hills, this detached house offers all the authentic charm of traditional local architecture. The house, finely restored and characterized by warm and welcoming environments, is ideal as a second home for relaxing stays or as an investment for tourist rentals. The property is on two levels: on the ground floor there is a bright living area with open-plan living room and kitchen, while the lower floor, connected by a spiral staircase, houses the sleeping area with two bedrooms and a full bathroom with shower. Outdoor Spaces Outside, a large panoramic terrace allows you to dine al fresco and enjoy the wonderful sunsets over the hills. The private fenced garden is perfect for families with children and for those who wish to bring pets. There is also a barbecue area and a convenient private parking space. Condition and Finishes The house retains the charm of the old, with typical architectural details and intimate and authentic atmosphere. Equipped with air conditioning, independent heating, washing machine, fully equipped kitchen and all the main amenities, it offers comfortable stays throughout the year. The property is in excellent condition and ready to be lived in. Potential Usage Ideal residence for those seeking tranquility immersed in nature, perfect as a vacation home to put on income, great solution for lovers of Chianti, trekking and wine and food experiences. Also suitable for smart working thanks to the privacy and livable outdoor spaces. Location The property is located in a panoramic and strategic position, surrounded by vineyards and olive groves. Essential services and the characteristic center of Greve in Chianti, about 13 minutes away by car, are within easy reach. The area is home to famous wineries and wineries that produce Chianti Classico, perfect for tastings and guided tours. Florence can be reached in about 50 minutes, while the Ugolino golf course is just over half an hour away. The access road is a white road of about 500 meters, which can be traveled quietly.

For sale by Supereal. Exceptional historic property in the heart of Chianti Classico! Located in one of Tuscany’s most prestigious and sought-after areas, just 1.5 km from the charming medieval village of Castellina in Chianti, this exceptional estate of approximately 80 hectares perfectly embodies the timeless beauty of Chianti Classico. Nestled between Florence and Siena, amidst vineyards, olive groves, and rolling wooded hills bathed in golden light, the property enjoys a premium location in one of Italy’s most coveted regions. Easily accessible while offering rare privacy, the estate benefits from a breathtaking natural setting where time seems to stand still. A place filled with soul and authenticity, appreciated for its unique Tuscan lifestyle combining nature, gastronomy, wine, and heritage. At the heart of the property stands a magnificent traditional Tuscan manor house with natural stone façades, arranged over several levels and preserving the iconic architectural elements of the region’s grand rural residences: exposed beam ceilings, terracotta floors, warm living spaces, and classic Tuscan tiled roofs. A second independent residence with its own landscaped outdoor areas and swimming pool completes this rare ensemble, offering exceptional potential for hosting family and guests or developing a hospitality project in the heart of Tuscany. The estate also includes several agricultural buildings as well as a facility historically dedicated to the artisanal production of charcuterie from the renowned Cinta Senese DOP breed. The land combines vineyards, olive groves, and extensive woodland, creating spectacular panoramic views and complete immersion in the Tuscan countryside. The estate notably produces several wines under the Casamonti label, including an authentic Chianti Classico reflecting the identity of this world-renowned terroir. Two swimming pools, stunning outdoor spaces, an exceptional location, and remarkable renovation potential further enhance the uniqueness of this rare international offering. A true haven of peace in the heart of Chianti Classico, this remarkable estate offers a rare opportunity to experience an authentic and prestigious Tuscan lifestyle. Fees are paid by the seller. If you need any further information or an estimate of your property, don’t hesitate to contact our great team! Supereal. smart real estate services.

Historic 160 hectare Agricultural Estate with Villa, farmouses, Vineyards and Olive GrovesBathed in a sun-kissed land where golden light constantly envelops an iconic landscape, this unique 160-hectare (395-acre) agricultural estate commands a breathtaking, elevated position on the rolling Chianti hills and has its residential heart in a majestic Manor Villa, offering a rare opportunity to own a piece of architectural heritage steeped in the romantic elegance dating back to 1878.The manor house captivates immediately with an imposing facade, opening into wonderfully airy, bright living spaces illuminated by large, graceful arched windows in the main reception hall. The rooms are defined by sumptuous high ceilings accented with traditional exposed wooden beams, while structural arches and sturdy columns create a sophisticated flow between grand, light-filled chambers. Every detail honors the home’s storied past, from the exquisite craftsmanship of interior transitions to the flooring, which moves from classic checkered marble to intricate geometric ceramic tiles. This historical luxury extends to the exterior, where elegantly carved stone balustrades frame sprawling terraces, serving as a peaceful sanctuary facing the panoramic views. The residence is surrounded by a landscaped park and exceptional scenery. Just below the villa, a spectacular 16x8-meter swimming pool reminiscent of classic Hollywood grandeur sits in a secluded spot. Access to the property is via an easy, direct asphalt road, reaching the historic town of Castellina in Chianti in just a 10-minute drive, strategically placing the estate between the world-renowned art capitals of Florence and Siena.The estate’s heritage dates back to the 17th and 18th centuries, when it originally hosted shepherds in transit along the trails of this iconic countryside.Today, the property also includes three farmhouses, two of which operate as an agriturismo featuring 10 independent apartments. The commercial Winery spans a small hamlet that includes executive offices, a retail shop with a tasting room, aging cellars, and a traditional vinsantaia where typical sweet Tuscan wine slowly matures. A picturesque fountain and a private lake complete the grounds, providing vital water reserves and offering the ultimate Tuscan lifestyle experience.The land boasts 19.4 hectares of premium Chianti Classico DOCG Gallo Nero vineyards and 21.2 hectares of organic olive groves with 5,500 trees. Cultivated traditionally with natural compost for a certified organic production, the grapes and olives are strictly harvested by local experts. Olives undergo meticulous cold-pressing, while the wine matures in seasoned oak casks to develop its unique bouquet.The remaining land features lush orchards and mixed woodlands, establishing this estate as an investment of immense strategic, cultural, and economic value in the true heart of Tuscany.The address published here is for guidance only.

At the heart of the Chianti Classico DOCG production area, one of the world's most iconic and prestigious regions for the production of fine wines, lies this important wine estate, extending over a total surface area of approximately 107 hectares. The property includes around 51 hectares of vineyards, of which 44 hectares are currently in full production, cultivated predominantly with Sangiovese, the flagship grape variety of the Chianti Classico appellation. The estate is further enhanced by approximately 4 hectares of olive groves, adding significant agricultural, landscape, and production value. The core of the business is represented by a modern, fully equipped winery covering approximately 1,918 sqm, designed to manage the entire production cycle, from vinification and ageing to bottling. The facility has a potential production capacity of up to 500,000 bottles per year, offering substantial room for growth compared to current production levels. Annual production currently stands at around 180,000 bottles, with a strong international focus: approximately 70% of revenues are generated from foreign markets, demonstrating an already well-established positioning within the export segment. The property also includes a recently renovated villa of approximately 489 sqm, currently divided into three apartments used as guest accommodation, together with a dedicated tasting area. The building could easily be converted into a prestigious private residence, further enhancing the estate's representative and lifestyle appeal. Overall, the property represents a fully operational wine estate, equipped with modern infrastructure, a highly scalable production structure, and significant development potential, both in terms of increasing production volumes and further expanding its presence in international high-end wine markets.

Beautiful Tuscan stone farmhouse of about 120 sqm surrounded by vineyards and olive trees in the heart of Chianti. Lovingly restored to luxury standards starting from the ruins of an olive oil mill. A small stone cottage or outbuilding of about 40 sqm located on a panoramic terrace is included in the property. A large swimming pool, a Jacuzzi and large panoramic terraces in addition to the terraced garden embellish the property. Description The perfectly restored ancient oil mill is spread over two floors and enjoys two independent entrances, one main and one overlooking the panoramic terrace. The ground floor hosts a large elegantly furnished living room, the kitchen the dining room and a day toilet in addition to the laundry or checkroom. The fine internal staircase leads to the second floor hosting three bedrooms and three bathrooms. A delightful cottage or separate annexe located on the panoramic stone-paved terrace houses on the ground floor the kitchen with kitchenette and dining room, a double bedroom and a bathroom. Outdoor Spaces A well-kept gravel path leads from the cottage to the large and magnificent private pool, reached by an internal Roman staircase and with views sweeping over the Tuscan hills. Surrounded by a terrace paved in stone on all sides and furnished with sun loungers and umbrellas for relaxing as well as benches lined the wall along one side. Places to sit and enjoy the beautiful view. The terraced garden on two levels is a lovely place that offers a luxurious hot tub and an additional terrace. A small cottage serving the pool offers changing rooms with bathrooms. Private terraces allow you to enjoy some privacy or to organize pleasant days with friends. The location is very attractive, surrounded by vineyards and the olive groves that provided the raw material in the farmhouse's previous incarnation. Condition and finishes The recently renovated totally stone Old Oil Mill is bright and beautiful inside and out. It features pretty pastel colors, terracotta floors, brick and stone arches and conveys a generous sense of space. The bedrooms feature beautiful oak floors. Love, care and passion have guided its transformation from ruin to luxury abode. Potential uses The property is a good choice for a slightly larger family or a group of friends celebrating a special occasion. Also ideal as a vacation home to enjoy the Tuscan countryside. Location Strategic location surrounded by greenery but a few km from the main services. The village of Lecchi in Chianti and the town of Radda in Chianti are close as are the famous Tuscan art cities of Siena and Florence less than an hour's drive away.

Historic farmhouse with pool and ancient castle ruins for sale on the picturesque hills of Castellina in Chianti, in one of Tuscany's most authentic and iconic landscapes. The property, approximately 520 square meters in total with six bedrooms and five bathrooms, comprises a main farmhouse, a separate guesthouse, service buildings, and the evocative remains of an ancient Etruscan castle. All this is set within over 41 hectares of private land, guaranteeing absolute privacy and direct contact with the pristine nature of Chianti. THE CONTEXT The property is nestled in the heart of the Chianti Classico hills, among vineyards, olive groves, and centuries-old woods that create one of the world's most famous and beloved landscapes. The slightly dominant position offers sweeping, scenic views of the Tuscan countryside, with glimpses that change color and atmosphere with the changing seasons. Just 7 km from the nearest village, approximately 40 km from Florence and 25 km from Siena, the farmhouse enjoys a strategic location that perfectly combines isolation, tranquility, and easy access to Tuscany's main centers of art and culture. THE HISTORICAL COMPLEX Of absolute value and uniqueness are the ruins of the ancient castle, of Etruscan and later medieval origin, which testify to the site's historical stratification. This archaeological presence gives the property a rare, almost intact charm and an identity deeply rooted in the history of the area. The ruins, immersed in vegetation and perfectly integrated into the landscape, represent an extraordinary opportunity for historical and architectural enhancement and restoration. THE MAIN FARMHOUSE The main farmhouse, approximately 330 square meters and in excellent condition, is a refined example of authentic Tuscan rural architecture. The natural stone facades, antique terracotta floors, and exposed wooden beam ceilings showcase the local building tradition with elegance and sobriety. Spread across three levels, the ground floor features a bright living area with a large stone fireplace, an eat-in kitchen, and a guest bathroom. The first floor boasts three bedrooms, a bathroom, and a spacious study, also with a fireplace, ideal as a reading room or workspace. The upper level, within the characteristic turret, features a master bedroom with an en suite bathroom and unobstructed views of the surrounding landscape, offering a uniquely evocative, intimate and panoramic atmosphere. Access to the upper floor is via both an internal staircase and a scenic external stone staircase that also leads to a panoramic loggia, perfect for relaxing al fresco. THE INTERIORS The farmhouse's interiors fully reflect the authentic spirit of the Tuscan countryside, with warm, welcoming, and well-proportioned spaces. The spaces are characterized by a harmonious balance between functionality and tradition, with original materials expertly preserved and enhanced. The internal layout allows for seamless use of the spaces, ideal for both a private residence and a potential high-end hospitality destination. THE ANNEX AND THE BUILDINGS Opposite the main farmhouse is a building of approximately 50 square meters used as utility rooms, including a laundry room, storage room, and cellar. A short distance away, surrounded by greenery, is the independent guesthouse of approximately 130 square meters, spread over two levels and featuring bright and functional spaces, with a living area, kitchen, and sleeping quarters, perfect for guests or staff. THE EXTERIORS The property is surrounded by approximately 41 hectares of private land, divided between woodland, arable land, former vineyards, and an olive grove with approximately 400 trees. This extraordinary natural heritage creates a perfect balance between agricultural landscape and pristine nature, typical of the most authentic Chianti. The garden surrounding the buildings is landscaped with local plants and maintains a harmonious and natural setting, perfectly integrated with the surrounding landscape. Completing the outdoor spaces is a splendid panoramic swimming pool, perfectly integrated into the landscape, offering an oasis of relaxation and absolute privacy overlooking the surrounding hills. A one-of-a-kind property, where millennia of history, rural architecture, and nature blend together in a rare balance, ideal both as a prestigious private residence and as an exclusive accommodation in the heart of authentic Tuscany. REF.14399 Read full description

Authentic Restored Country Estate in Prime Tuscan Location. Just 30 minutes from Florence, in the beautiful Chianti hills between the medieval hamlet of San Donato in Poggio and the market town of Castellina in Chianti, lies this private and privileged property comprising a main house, a barn, and a swimming pool. The buildings are set within approximately 4 hectares of olive groves and enjoy unspoilt 360-degree views. The property has been recently renovated and offers modern, comfortable living spaces within a traditional Tuscan farmhouse. The main house, measuring approximately 355 sqm, is arranged over two floors. On the ground floor, an entrance hall leads to a spacious open-plan double living area with French doors opening onto the front terrace. A large, modern kitchen with an island also features French doors to the terrace, as well as a rear door leading to a generous shaded loggia—an ideal, sheltered space for outdoor dining during warm evenings. A dining room, set a few steps up from the kitchen, and a guest WC complete this floor. On the first floor, there is an open-plan living room with exposed beams and a large fireplace, along with three bedrooms and two bathrooms. One of the bedrooms is currently used as a spacious study/office. A beautifully restored barn of approximately 80 sqm, located a short distance from the main house, provides independent accommodation for guests or family. It comprises a kitchen/dining area, a mezzanine room with a large window, and a gallery bedroom with bathroom. The 14 x 5 m saltwater swimming pool is set away from the house in a quiet and private area of the grounds and is equipped with a WC and shower. There is also an underground space of approximately 100 sqm, including a cellar, storage areas, and a technical room. The land includes around 200 olive trees and is equipped with a 20 kW photovoltaic system, solar panels for hot water, and a geothermal system for underfloor heating. There is both a private well and mains water supply, as well as an irrigation system. The property is accessed via a short private driveway with an electric gate, directly from a tarmac road. Distances: Florence 42 km | San Donato 6 km | Castellina in Chianti 12 km | Siena 40 km

Traditional Tuscan Estate with Vineyards and Olive Groves in Castellina in Chianti. Located just a few minutes from the enchanting Castellina in Chianti, this beautifully renovated traditional stone villa combines timeless Tuscan charm with modern comforts. Set on a 22-hectare estate, this property includes vineyards, an olive grove, and an impeccably restored villa that captures the essence of the Tuscan countryside. The main villa spans 1,100 sqm and features 14 luxurious bedrooms and 17 bathrooms, offering ample space for both personal relaxation and entertaining. The villa has previously been used as a holiday home and restaurant, making it an ideal setting for those looking to continue a successful hospitality venture. In addition to the main villa, there is a 100 sqm annex with a first floor offering three bedrooms, a kitchen, and three bathrooms. The ground floor serves as a storage area, providing plenty of room for wine and olive oil production or other purposes. The 22 hectares of land include 2 hectares of vineyards (Sangiovese and Merlot) producing fine wines and over 800 olive trees that yield premium extra virgin olive oil. The property also includes a private chapel, enhancing its tranquility and charm. Perched in a picturesque hilltop location, the villa offers breathtaking views of the surrounding Chianti landscape and the nearby village of Castellina. With a large panoramic terrace, swimming pool, and solarium, this property invites you to indulge in the unparalleled beauty of Tuscany. Whether you’re looking to expand a vineyard and hospitality business or seeking an idyllic private retreat, this villa offers the best of both worlds.

Splendid historic estate with a farm for sale in the heart of Chianti Classico, nestled in a hilly landscape of rare beauty, approximately 450 meters above sea level, in a strategic panoramic position between Florence and Siena. The property extends over approximately 160 hectares and includes approximately 4,400 square meters of built space, including a main villa, a rural hamlet, farmhouses, production facilities, and hospitality spaces. A unique ensemble that perfectly blends history, agricultural production, and a contemporary lifestyle, in one of Tuscany's most iconic settings. THE CONTEXT In the heart of Chianti Classico, the property enjoys a privileged and secluded location, surrounded by rolling hills, meticulously maintained vineyards, olive groves, and centuries-old woods. The landscape is authentic and iconic Tuscan, where nature and agricultural tradition blend in perfect harmony. The location ensures extraordinary privacy while maintaining easy access to major centers of art and culture: Florence and Siena are within easy reach, making the estate ideal both as a prestigious private residence and as a high-end hospitality facility. THE HISTORY AND THE VILLAGE The estate's origins date back to the 14th century, when the original core was a fortified agricultural settlement typical of the Chianti region. In the following centuries, between the 17th and 18th centuries, the property was expanded and transformed into a noble residence, taking on its current harmonious configuration, combining architectural elegance and productive vocation. The medieval village, still organized around a charming central square, represents the heart of the property. Here, the winery, olive oil mill, and production facilities are located, perfectly integrated with the original historic structures, now expertly restored to preserve their authentic character. THE MANOR VILLA AND THE INTERIORS The perfectly preserved manor house, dating back to the 17th and 18th centuries, stands out for the understated elegance of its architectural forms and the original stone details, colonnades, and arched openings that underscore its historical prestige. The interiors feature spacious, bright, and impressive spaces: elegant lounges, two dining rooms, a study with a library, and a billiards room contribute to a refined and timeless atmosphere. The sleeping quarters offer numerous en suite bedrooms, for a total of 35 bedrooms and 38 bathrooms spread across the villa and guest accommodations, ensuring maximum privacy and comfort. THE EXTERIORS, THE PARK AND THE STRUCTURES The estate is surrounded by a magnificent historic park with an Italian garden, enriched by tree-lined avenues, scenic areas, and spaces of absolute tranquility. Within the park is a private consecrated chapel, a testament to the property's historic tradition and still used today for ceremonies and exclusive events. The setting is completed by two panoramic swimming pools surrounded by greenery, a historic tower, and several renovated farmhouses designed for hospitality, built in the most authentic rustic Tuscan style. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND FUNCTION The estate's productive heart is the modern winery, perfectly equipped with oak barrel aging rooms, tasting areas, sales spaces, and management offices, as well as the olive oil mill for producing extra virgin olive oil. Production is top-notch, with over 110,000 bottles annually from approximately 19.4 hectares of vineyards, complemented by 21 hectares of olive groves cultivated using certified organic methods. The remainder of the property includes woodlands, arable land, orchards, and a charming private lake, further enhancing the landscape and agricultural value of the estate. This property represents a rare opportunity in the Tuscan real estate landscape: a perfect balance between a historic residence, an outstanding agricultural business, and a prestigious hospitality facility, immersed in one of the most iconic and sought-after areas in the world. REF.6813 Read full description

Magnificent Stone Farmhouse Elegant estate with swimming pool and tennis court for sale in Castellina in Chianti, nestled in the hills of Chianti Senese. The property is composed of two units, with a total of 9 bedrooms and 9 bathrooms: * the main villa of about 690 sqm; * a dependance of 185 sqm. The manor house, an ancient stone farmhouse dating back to 1400, is spread over three levels. On the ground floor there is a spacious eat-in kitchen with dining room with access to a lovely terrace where you can enjoy outdoor lunches and dinners. We also find here a large living room, bathroom, laundry room and three storage rooms, as well as warehouses and cellars. Going up to the first floor there are three large living rooms with stone fireplaces, a study and 2 bedrooms with ensuite bathrooms. The sleeping area continues on the second floor where there are 4 large and bright bedrooms and 3 bathrooms. The farmhouse is characterised by the typical Chianti style, embellished with terracotta floors, beamed ceilings and antique elements. From every window, you can enjoy the breathtaking view of the surrounding hills. Then, the recently renovated annex is on two levels. On the ground floor there is a kitchen, a bedroom and a bathroom. Going up to the first floor there are 2 more double bedrooms and a bathroom. Also in this space, perfect for hosting friends and relatives, you will find the wonderful exposed wooden beams and a terrace ideal for outdoor lunches and dinners. Elegant Estate with Pool and Tennis Court Outside, the property includes a land of about 1.6 ha, of which a part is intended for olive groves and 0.4 hectares of vineyard from which it is possible to obtain the prized Chianti DOCG wine. In the garden there are numerous relaxation areas and a splendid swimming pool with solarium area and pool house. The villa is also equipped with a tennis court, perfect for matches with a panoramic view. This charming farmhouse is located in the heart of Chianti, just a few minutes from the Tuscan villages of Castellina and Panzano in Chianti, and a short distance from Florence and Siena. Perfect for immersing yourself in the tranquility of nature, it lends itself very well to being used as a private residence or as an investment opportunity. REF. 4153 Read full description

Exclusive historic hamlet with pool and private church for sale in the heart of Chianti, nestled among the rolling hills of Castellina in Chianti, in one of Tuscany's most iconic and authentic landscapes. Surrounded by 5 hectares of vineyards, centuries-old olive groves, and rows of cypress trees, the property extends over approximately 2,000 square meters and comprises a main villa and six independent farmhouses, for a total of 21 bedrooms and 10 bathrooms. A place of extraordinary charm, where history, nature, and privacy harmoniously blend, offering a unique representative residence or a prestigious hospitality project in the heart of Chianti Classico. THE CONTEXT Castellina in Chianti is one of Tuscany's most charming and sought-after destinations, internationally renowned for its timeless landscapes, excellent food and wine, and the authentic atmosphere that characterizes the Chianti Classico region. The property enjoys a secluded and panoramic location, immersed in the tranquility of the Tuscan countryside yet perfectly connected to the region's main historic centers. Florence and Siena are easily accessible, as are the renowned villages of Radda in Chianti, Gaiole, and Greve, beloved destinations for high-end international tourism. The area offers historic wineries, gourmet restaurants, nature trails, and an extraordinary quality of life, making this village the ideal choice for those who want to experience authentic Tuscany without sacrificing comfort and services. THE VILLAGE Dating back to the 17th century, the hamlet retains the charm of historic Tuscan architecture, with elegant stone facades, original arches, ancient walkways, and authentic details that speak to centuries of history. The complex comprises a main villa and six independent farmhouses, expertly arranged within the property to ensure privacy and independence. The main villa, already available for high-end weekly rentals, represents the heart of the estate and offers impressive spaces with splendid views of the surrounding countryside. Two recently renovated apartments are already available for short-term rentals, guaranteeing immediate profitability and exciting prospects for tourism and hospitality development. THE INTERIORS The interiors express all the character and warmth of Tuscan tradition, enhanced by perfectly preserved original architectural elements. Spacious living rooms with exposed wooden beams, antique terracotta floors, working fireplaces, and evocative panoramic windows create a welcoming and elegant atmosphere. The property boasts a total of 21 bedrooms and 10 bathrooms, distributed between the main villa and the independent farmhouses, offering ideal spaces for both private use and high-end hospitality. Recent renovations have preserved the village's historical authenticity while integrating contemporary comforts and modern features, while also offering exciting opportunities for further enhancement and customization. THE EXTERIORS Surrounded by approximately 5 hectares of private land, the estate enjoys a natural setting of rare beauty, including centuries-old olive groves, vineyards, and panoramic views typical of Chianti. Three hectares are planted with olive trees, contributing to the property's authentic character and offering productive potential. The garden features a splendid swimming pool surrounded by greenery with a solarium area, ideal for relaxing in complete privacy. The property also includes a former stable, a small stable, a charming period vaulted cellar perfect for tastings and winemaking projects, a natural spring, and a rare private church, an extremely prestigious feature that makes the hamlet particularly suitable for exclusive events, ceremonies, and luxury hospitality activities. WELLNESS, RELAXATION & HOSPITALITY This extraordinary property represents the perfect blend of historic elegance, Tuscan authenticity, and entrepreneurial potential. The panoramic pool, expansive green spaces, historic cellar, and private church offer an exclusive experience immersed in the natural beauty of Chianti. Thanks to the village's layout and strategic location between Florence and Siena, the estate is ideal as a prestigious private residence, a boutique resort, a charming relais, or a venue for weddings and high-end events. A one-of-a-kind property, offering the timeless charm of authentic Tuscany in one of the world's most sought-after locations. REF.16922 Read full description

Organic Wine Estate in Castellina in ChiantiIn the heart of the renowned Chianti Classico region, nestled among the gentle and picturesque Tuscan hills, lies this prestigious organic wine estate, spanning 132 hectares. The property includes a charming historic hamlet, a fully equipped wine cellar, and a working agriturismo, offering a rare blend of natural beauty, tradition, and productive functionality.The estate covers a total built area of approximately 5,700 sqm and is centered around an elegant medieval hamlet, whose focal point is a refined 17th-century manor villa. Enhancing the property is a splendid underground wine cellar, carefully designed and equipped with everything needed for high-level wine production.The hospitality area features a farmhouse converted into an agriturismo with four apartments (offering a total of 8 bedrooms and 8 bathrooms), a restaurant, two tasting halls with kitchen and restroom facilities, a direct sales shop, a caretaker’s house, offices, storage spaces, and two sheds for agricultural equipment.The estate extends over 132 hectares, divided as follows: 32 hectares of vineyards , 4 hectares of olive groves , 45 hectares of arable land , 45 hectares of woodland, 7 additional hectares.Certified organic since 2012, the estate follows sustainable and environmentally friendly farming practices. The wines – Chianti Classico DOCG and Toscana IGT – are of exceptional quality, consistently featured in leading international wine guides with excellent ratings. The grape varieties grown include Sangiovese, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc, and Chardonnay.Recently restored with great attention to detail, the property has preserved the authentic charm of traditional Tuscan architecture. In particular, the manor villa, with its historic features and unique character, represents an ideal opportunity for conversion into a luxury hospitality venue, such as a boutique hotel, requiring minimal intervention.Located in the heart of the Chianti Classico wine region, Castellina in Chianti is one of the most charming and authentic villages in the Tuscan countryside. Strategically positioned between Florence and Siena, it offers breathtaking rolling hills, endless vineyards, and a high quality of life—ideal both as a residence and for tourism investment.The historic center is characterized by ancient medieval walls, the picturesque Via delle Volte with its stone archways and artisan shops, and the 14th-century fortress offering panoramic views over the valley.Well served by wine bars, traditional restaurants, essential services, and scenic nature trails.A highly sought-after area for those looking to immerse themselves in authentic Tuscany, in a peaceful yet well-connected setting.Siena 30 KmVolterra 45 KmFirenze 55 Km San Gimignano 20 Km

Prestigious villa complex with farm in the heart of Chianti Description In the heart of Tuscany, between Florence and Siena, lies this charming historic estate located just outside the village of Panzano in Chianti. The property, dating back to the 16th century and restored with extreme care, includes three independent villas totaling about 1,400 square meters, each with private pool, spa and fine finishes. The main farmhouse is on four levels and includes a charming panoramic tower with open views of vineyards, olive groves and Tuscan hills. The interiors retain all the charm of traditional architecture: wood-beamed ceilings, old terracotta floors, original fireplaces, combined with elegant contemporary elements. Spacious living areas, professional kitchens, rooms with en suite bathrooms and spaces designed for hospitality and relaxation make up a refined and functional residence. The other two villas, arranged on two levels, offer bright, modern rooms but in perfect harmony with the rural setting. They, too, feature spas, cozy living areas, fully equipped kitchens and upscale rooms, as well as private outdoor spaces and a swimming pool. Outdoor Spaces The property is set in about 20 hectares of land, including vineyards, olive trees and woods. The three villas are surrounded by manicured gardens, spacious lawns and panoramic terraces. Each villa has its own parking lot and direct access to internal pedestrian paths leading to the center of Panzano, which can be reached in a few minutes on foot. The swimming pools, elegantly integrated into the landscape, offer unparalleled views of the countryside. Condition and finishes After five years of restoration entrusted to Italian craftsmen and selected artisans, the estate is now in impeccable condition. Every architectural detail has been preserved or enhanced, combined with state-of-the-art facilities. The estate is equipped with geothermal and solar energy systems, ensuring sustainability and energy savings. The possibility of building a heliport is also planned. Potential uses Thanks to the distribution of space and the quality of the facilities, the property can accommodate up to 36 people, making it an ideal solution as a prestigious residence for private use or as a high-end accommodation facility. It is perfect for exclusive retreats, private events, weddings, luxury vacations or investment in the charming hospitality industry. Location The estate is located in one of the most desirable areas of Chianti Classico, less than a kilometer from Panzano, an authentic and lively village, rich in services, restaurants and local culture. Florence is 38 km away, Siena 34 km, Greve in Chianti 7 km and Impruneta 22 km. Florence International Airport can be reached in less than an hour. The strategic location allows you to enjoy the quiet of the countryside without sacrificing the convenience of connections and the beauty of Tuscany's most iconic historic centers.

Prestigious villa complex with farm in the heart of Chianti Description In the heart of Tuscany, between Florence and Siena, lies this charming historic estate located just outside the village of Panzano in Chianti. The property, dating back to the 16th century and restored with extreme care, includes three independent villas totaling about 1,400 square meters, each with private pool, spa and fine finishes. The main farmhouse is on four levels and includes a charming panoramic tower with open views of vineyards, olive groves and Tuscan hills. The interiors retain all the charm of traditional architecture: wood-beamed ceilings, old terracotta floors, original fireplaces, combined with elegant contemporary elements. Spacious living areas, professional kitchens, rooms with en suite bathrooms and spaces designed for hospitality and relaxation make up a refined and functional residence. The other two villas, arranged on two levels, offer bright, modern rooms but in perfect harmony with the rural setting. They, too, feature spas, cozy living areas, fully equipped kitchens and upscale rooms, as well as private outdoor spaces and a swimming pool. Outdoor Spaces The property is set in about 20 hectares of land, including vineyards, olive trees and woods. The three villas are surrounded by manicured gardens, spacious lawns and panoramic terraces. Each villa has its own parking lot and direct access to internal pedestrian paths leading to the center of Panzano, which can be reached in a few minutes on foot. The swimming pools, elegantly integrated into the landscape, offer unparalleled views of the countryside. Condition and finishes After five years of restoration entrusted to Italian craftsmen and selected artisans, the estate is now in impeccable condition. Every architectural detail has been preserved or enhanced, combined with state-of-the-art facilities. The estate is equipped with geothermal and solar energy systems, ensuring sustainability and energy savings. The possibility of building a heliport is also planned. Potential uses Thanks to the distribution of space and the quality of the facilities, the property can accommodate up to 36 people, making it an ideal solution as a prestigious residence for private use or as a high-end accommodation facility. It is perfect for exclusive retreats, private events, weddings, luxury vacations or investment in the charming hospitality industry. Location The estate is located in one of the most desirable areas of Chianti Classico, less than a kilometer from Panzano, an authentic and lively village, rich in services, restaurants and local culture. Florence is 38 km away, Siena 34 km, Greve in Chianti 7 km and Impruneta 22 km. Florence International Airport can be reached in less than an hour. The strategic location allows you to enjoy the quiet of the countryside without sacrificing the convenience of connections and the beauty of Tuscany's most iconic historic centers.

Farmhouse with swimming pool in Gaiole in Chianti - in the heart of Chianti Classico.Immersed in the most authentic quiet of Chianti Classico, this charming stone farmhouse, completely independent, is surrounded by vineyards, olive groves and a landscape of rare beauty.The property consists of two separate residential units in addition to outbuildings and cellars that can be enhanced according to personal needs.The main house, on two levels, offers on the ground floor a kitchen, a large and bright open-plan living room with a loft and a bathroom. On the upper floor, also accessible via an independent external staircase, are four bedrooms and two bathrooms. The interiors retain all the charm of the Tuscan tradition, with old terracotta floors and beamed ceilings.The second unit, with independent entrance, is a three-room apartment with bathroom, ideal as a guest house or to be used for tourist rentals.Adjacent to the farmhouse, an additional stone room with large window and suggestive atmosphere lends itself perfectly to be transformed into a private studio, atelier or relaxation area.The swimming pool, in a reserved and well-exposed position, enjoys maximum privacy and overlooks an unspoiled natural setting.About 4.7 hectares of land, partly planted with olive trees, complete the property.This farmhouse represents a perfect blend of privacy, beauty and versatility. An ideal choice as a main residence or vacation home in the heart of the truest Tuscany.

A Captivating Tuscan Haven in the Heart of Chianti Set amidst the rolling hills between Gaiole in Chianti and Siena, this enchanting 17th-century mill estate represents a rare opportunity to acquire a finely restored historic residence where time seems to stand still. Surrounded by a delightful 2,500 sq.m. garden, the property is composed of three principal structures: the former mill—now transformed into the main residence—an atmospheric barn restored to shell condition, and the old stables currently used as storage rooms. The result is a charming ensemble offering privacy, elegance, and authentic Tuscan character. This unique estate seamlessly balances timeless sophistication and rural tradition, preserving centuries-old architectural elements while offering the potential for sensitive modern upgrades. A true corner of history, the main house traces its origins back to the early 1700s when it served as a functioning water mill. Today, it hosts 3 independent apartments totalling 6 bedrooms and 6 bathrooms, making it ideal for extended family living or high-end hospitality. The expansive garden, gently sloping and completely usable, also offers the perfect setting for a future panoramic swimming pool. The Mill Measuring approximately 520 sq.m. and arranged across two levels, the main building houses three interconnecting apartments. These allow for flexible usage—whether as a private residence with guest accommodation or as a boutique hospitality venture. The principal apartment: Accessed through a characteristic loggia, opens into a magnificent living area composed of three interlinked rooms. These are divided by arches of varying proportions and anchored by a vast original wood-burning fireplace. Vaulted ceilings with terracotta tiles, restored brickwork, and traditional cotto flooring lend the interiors a warm, timeless atmosphere. On the same level, a charming dining area opens beneath another loggia, complete with a large wood-fired oven perfect for baking bread or preparing traditional pizza. The rustic kitchen hosts a staircase leading to the upper floor, where two double bedrooms with en-suite bathrooms await. From a hallway, a private internal connection leads to a third bedroom with its own bathroom—this being the sole room located on the tower of the building. The second apartment: Situated on the first floor, is independent and accessed via an exterior private staircase. It features a spacious sitting room with fireplace, a dining area and kitchenette, a double bedroom, a bathroom, and a romantic covered loggia framed by an elegant arch overlooking the garden. The third apartment: also arranged across two levels, opens directly onto the garden. The ground floor hosts an open-plan living, dining, and kitchen area, while the upper level comprises two further bedrooms, each with its own private bathroom. Originally constructed in the 1700s, the mill retains all the charm of classic Tuscan architecture. Oak and chestnut beams, terracotta tiles, and original cotto floors narrate centuries of rural life. All utilities are in place: water is sourced from a private well, and the heating system is fuelled by GPL. The property is immediately habitable yet would benefit from a tasteful programme of modernisation to enhance comfort and elevate it to contemporary luxury standards. The Annexes Adjacent to the main residence stand two additional buildings offering remarkable potential. The first, a former barn of approximately 180 sq.m., has been restored to shell condition. It comprises a spacious ground-floor room, four rooms on the upper level, and a generous loggia. This structure is ideal for conversion into further guest accommodation, a private atelier, or a small hospitality venture. The second annex, located on the southern side of the estate, encompasses the old stables and storage areas and covers around 125 sq.m. Currently used as a tool shed and general storage, it could be transformed into a pool house, spa, or wellness suite—particularly appealing should a panoramic swimming pool be constructed in the garden. Alternatively, it could provide additional habitable space for guests or family members. The Land The property is enveloped by an easily maintained garden of approximately 2,500 sq.m. Functional and open, it is perfectly suited for outdoor living and al-fresco entertaining. Its gentle natural contours make the construction of an in-ground swimming pool both feasible and visually impactful—an opportunity to fully embrace the serenity of this extraordinary landscape. The Location Blessed with a private and tranquil hillside position, the estate enjoys breathtaking views across the undulating landscape of Gaiole in Chianti—a natural meeting point between the Chianti region and the Valdarno valley. This area is steeped in history and culture. Within a short distance are iconic sites such as the Castello di Brolio, whose origins trace back to 1141; the fortified hamlet of Vertine, a jewel of just fifteen inhabitants dating to the 12th century; and the Pieve di Spaltenna, a remarkable Romanesque church from the 10th century. Beyond its historical importance, the territory is renowned for its gastronomic traditions. This is the homeland of Chianti Classico wine, celebrated worldwide for its quality, heritage, and unmistakable identity. Living here means immersing oneself in a culture forged by the centuries-old rivalry between Siena and Florence, whose influence is still visible in the region’s architecture, customs, and local pride. Gaiole in Chianti offers quality services, charming restaurants, and artisanal shops, while important Tuscan cities are easily reached—Siena, Florence, Arezzo, and Montepulciano lie within comfortable driving distance, making the estate ideal for both relaxation and exploration. EPC Rating: G Energy Performance Index (IPE): >150 kwh/sq.m.*year Why Buy It This estate presents an exceptional opportunity for anyone seeking an authentic Tuscan residence with vast potential. Its strategic location in the heart of the Chianti valleys makes it highly attractive as a tourism investment, offering the possibility to create a boutique hospitality retreat with multiple independent units. Equally, it appeals as a refined second home or holiday residence, surrounded by some of the most iconic landscapes, vineyards, and cultural landmarks in Italy. With modest upgrades to enhance comfort and refine its interiors, the property can be transformed into a truly exclusive haven—one that combines privacy, charm, and history with convenient access to the region’s most celebrated destinations. A rare gem in Tuscany’s treasured Chianti countryside, offering timeless charm and extraordinary potential. Distances Brolio Castle: 3,2 km Gaiole in Chianti: 8,5 km Vertine: 10,2 km Redda in Chianti: 14 km Rapolano Terme: 27 km Siena: 28,6 km Greve in Chianti: 33 km Asciano: 40 km Arezzo: 53,6 km Airport of Florence: 67 km Florence: 67,5 km Airport of Perugia: 114 km

In the heart of Chianti Classico, within the ancient fortified hamlet of Vertine, we offer for sale a rare medieval castle to restore, with approximately 1,300 sqm of total built area and 3 hectares of land including gardens, a panoramic swimming pool, olive grove and woodland.The property consists of the main castle, measuring approximately 700 sqm, an independent cottage set within the garden, a former deconsecrated chapel currently used as an atelier, additional accessory spaces and a garage.The castle is arranged over several levels and preserves the authentic charm of a historic Tuscan residence, with spacious reception rooms, fireplaces, a library, living areas, kitchen, double bedrooms with private bathrooms and a striking tower with panoramic terrace overlooking the Chianti hills.One of the most distinctive features of the property is the former deconsecrated chapel, an impressive space of approximately 250 sqm with a height of around 7 metres, ideal as an atelier, private gallery, music room, library, wellness area, cultural space or representative hall. In addition, a further basement atelier of approximately 190 sqm offers additional flexibility of use.Within the garden there is an independent cottage of approximately 90 sqm, ideal for guests, family members, staff or potential hospitality use. The outdoor areas include landscaped gardens, a panoramic swimming pool, olive grove and woodland, creating a private and highly scenic setting.The property also benefits from two independent entrances, one from the village and one from the castle garden, as well as a garage and private parking.Castello di Vertine represents a unique opportunity for those seeking a prestigious historic residence in Tuscany, a private home of great character, an artistic or cultural retreat, or a boutique hospitality project in one of Italy’s most iconic and desirable regions.